{"id":81797,"date":"2020-11-26T10:22:41","date_gmt":"2020-11-26T10:22:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alj.com\/?post_type=spotlight-fadyjameel&#038;p=81797"},"modified":"2022-09-26T05:34:39","modified_gmt":"2022-09-26T05:34:39","slug":"%d8%a5%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%b5%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%af%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b1%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"spotlight-fadyjameel","link":"https:\/\/alj.com\/ar\/spotlight-by-fady-jameel\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%b5%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%af%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b1%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%b1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a 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width=\"2560\" height=\"1607\" \/><\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u064d \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: &#8211;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646 15-20%\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 30 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a> \u0625\u0630 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0629&#8221; \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 30 \u0625\u0644\u0649 130 \u0643\u062c\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064d \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-81736\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/RethinkX-logo-150x62.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"62\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/RethinkX-logo-150x62.png 150w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/RethinkX-logo-300x123.png 300w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/RethinkX-logo.png 619w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b &#8220;\u064cRethinkX&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 (\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 95% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 (EV).<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 60% \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 247 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 44 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2030.<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright wp-image-81814 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Transport-as-a-Service-speed-of-adoption-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Transport as a Service speed of adoption\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1724\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Transport-as-a-Service-speed-of-adoption-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Transport-as-a-Service-speed-of-adoption-300x202.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Transport-as-a-Service-speed-of-adoption-1024x689.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Transport-as-a-Service-speed-of-adoption-150x101.jpg 150w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Transport-as-a-Service-speed-of-adoption-768x517.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Transport-as-a-Service-speed-of-adoption-1536x1034.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Transport-as-a-Service-speed-of-adoption-2048x1379.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064d \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 60% \u0625\u0644\u0649 90% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064d \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a) \u0633\u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0646 95% \u0625\u0644\u0649 5%.<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-81708\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/ITF-Logo-150x42.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"42\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/ITF-Logo-150x42.jpg 150w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/ITF-Logo-300x83.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/ITF-Logo.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>\u00a0\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2050\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 5.7 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639.<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 &#8220;\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u060c \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627\u061f&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a> \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u063a\u0629<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0635\u062a\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 2.46 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 2025\u060c<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a> \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u063a\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 &#8220;\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_81778\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-81778\" style=\"width: 2000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-81778\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Shanghai-Natural-History-Museum-1.jpg\" alt=\"Shanghai Natural History Museum\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1453\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Shanghai-Natural-History-Museum-1.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Shanghai-Natural-History-Museum-1-300x218.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Shanghai-Natural-History-Museum-1-1024x744.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Shanghai-Natural-History-Museum-1-150x109.jpg 150w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Shanghai-Natural-History-Museum-1-768x558.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Shanghai-Natural-History-Museum-1-1536x1116.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-81778\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shanghai Natural History Museum, Fishermans Wharf, Huang Xing. Photo credit: \u00a9 James and Connor Steinkamp<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u00a0\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0634\u0646\u063a\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u064a\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. 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\u0628\u0625\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 7,000 \u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0639 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 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1024w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/London-Congestion-Zone-1-150x94.jpg 150w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/London-Congestion-Zone-1-768x483.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/London-Congestion-Zone-1.jpg 1488w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\u00a0\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 94% \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016\u060c<a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a> \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 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width=\"2560\" height=\"1724\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Air-Pollution-London-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Air-Pollution-London-300x202.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Air-Pollution-London-1024x689.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Air-Pollution-London-150x101.jpg 150w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Air-Pollution-London-768x517.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Air-Pollution-London-1536x1034.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Air-Pollution-London-2048x1379.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0637 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&#8220;<em>\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627.&#8221;<\/em><a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\"><em><strong>[15]<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 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\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 4,000 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064d \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627.<a href=\"#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\">[16]<\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_81785\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-81785\" style=\"width: 645px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-81785\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Skopje-Smog-1.jpg\" alt=\"Skopje Smog\" width=\"645\" height=\"363\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Skopje-Smog-1.jpg 645w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Skopje-Smog-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Skopje-Smog-1-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Skopje-Smog-1-226x126.jpg 226w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 645px) 100vw, 645px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-81785\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A building development looms through the smog in Skopje. Photo credit: Getty Images<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064d \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u064d \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0637\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 44,500 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064d.<a href=\"#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\">[17]<\/a> \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0646\u062d\u0648 40% \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644: \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0634\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 &#8220;\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 &#8230;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_81764\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-81764\" style=\"width: 819px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-81764 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Paris-Smart-City-2050-1.jpg\" alt=\"Paris 2050\" width=\"819\" height=\"613\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Paris-Smart-City-2050-1.jpg 819w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Paris-Smart-City-2050-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Paris-Smart-City-2050-1-150x112.jpg 150w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Paris-Smart-City-2050-1-768x575.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-81764\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paris in 2050 \u2013 artistic dream or realistic ambition? Image credit: \u00a9 Vincent Callebaut Architectures Paris<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0628\u0624\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646) \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0633\u0644\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 &#8220;<em>\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u064b\u0627.&#8221;<\/em><a href=\"#_ftn18\" name=\"_ftnref18\"><em><strong>[18]<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062f\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 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\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062f \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u064d \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064d\u061b<a href=\"#_ftn23\" name=\"_ftnref23\">[23]<\/a> \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u062a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#_ftn24\" name=\"_ftnref24\">[24]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u2013 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2019\/02\/10-cities-are-predicted-to-gain-megacity-status-by-2030\/\">https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2019\/02\/10-cities-are-predicted-to-gain-megacity-status-by-2030\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/development\/desa\/population\/publications\/pdf\/urbanization\/the_worlds_cities_in_2018_data_booklet.pdf\">https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/development\/desa\/population\/publications\/pdf\/urbanization\/the_worlds_cities_in_2018_data_booklet.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/industries\/capital-projects-and-infrastructure\/our-insights\/smart-cities-\">https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/industries\/capital-projects-and-infrastructure\/our-insights\/smart-cities-<\/a>\u00a0 digital-solutions-for-a-more-livable-future<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/industries\/capital-projects-and-infrastructure\/our-insights\/smart-cities-digital-solutions-for-a-more-livable-future\">https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/industries\/capital-projects-and-infrastructure\/our-insights\/smart-cities-digital-solutions-for-a-more-livable-future<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rethinkx.com\/press-release\/2017\/5\/3\/new-report-due-to-major-transportation-disruption-95-of-us-car-miles-will-be-traveled-in-self-driving-electric-shared-vehicles-by-2030#:~:text=95%20percent%20of%20U.S.%20passenger,as%20a%20Service%20(TaaS).&amp;text=As%20fewer%20cars%20travel%20more,to%2044%20million%20in%202030\">https:\/\/www.rethinkx.com\/press-release\/2017\/5\/3\/new-report-due-to-major-transportation-disruption-95-of-us-car-miles-will-be-traveled-in-self-driving-electric-shared-vehicles-by-2030#:~:text=95%20percent%20of%20U.S.%20passenger,as%20a%20Service%20(TaaS).&amp;text=As%20fewer%20cars%20travel%20more,to%2044%20million%20in%202030<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hok.com\/ideas\/research\/autonomous-vehicles-urban-planning\/\">https:\/\/www.hok.com\/ideas\/research\/autonomous-vehicles-urban-planning\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wbcsd.org\/Overview\/Panorama\/Articles\/Should-we-try-to-make-parking-spaces-extinct\">https:\/\/www.wbcsd.org\/Overview\/Panorama\/Articles\/Should-we-try-to-make-parking-spaces-extinct<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/industries\/automotive-and-assembly\/our-insights\/ten-ways-autonomous-driving-could-redefine-the-automotive-world\">https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/industries\/automotive-and-assembly\/our-insights\/ten-ways-autonomous-driving-could-redefine-the-automotive-world<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hok.com\/ideas\/research\/autonomous-vehicles-urban-planning\/\">https:\/\/www.hok.com\/ideas\/research\/autonomous-vehicles-urban-planning\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smartcitiesworld.net\/news\/smart-cities-predicted-to-create-growth-opportunities-worth-246-trillion-by-2025-5714\">https:\/\/www.smartcitiesworld.net\/news\/smart-cities-predicted-to-create-growth-opportunities-worth-246-trillion-by-2025-5714<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smartcitiesworld.net\/news\/news\/european-commission-launches-smart-cities-marketplace-5720\">https:\/\/www.smartcitiesworld.net\/news\/news\/european-commission-launches-smart-cities-marketplace-5720<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/environment\/pubs\/pdf\/streets_people.pdf\">https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/environment\/pubs\/pdf\/streets_people.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.london.gov.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/air_quality_in_london_2016-2020_october2020final.pdf\">https:\/\/www.london.gov.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/air_quality_in_london_2016-2020_october2020final.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> McKinsey.com\/smartcities<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/future\/article\/20200701-skopje-north-macedonia-the-most-polluted-city-in-europe\">https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/future\/article\/20200701-skopje-north-macedonia-the-most-polluted-city-in-europe<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/cities\/2018\/mar\/21\/people-pouring-dhaka-bursting-sewers-overpopulation-bangladesh\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/cities\/2018\/mar\/21\/people-pouring-dhaka-bursting-sewers-overpopulation-bangladesh<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2020\/08\/healthy-cities-communities-post-covid19-great-reset-healthcare-disease-risk\/\">https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2020\/08\/healthy-cities-communities-post-covid19-great-reset-healthcare-disease-risk\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www3.weforum.org\/docs\/WEF_Future_of_Consumption_Fast-Growth_Consumers_markets_India_report_2019.pdf\">http:\/\/www3.weforum.org\/docs\/WEF_Future_of_Consumption_Fast-Growth_Consumers_markets_India_report_2019.pdf<\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www3.weforum.org\/docs\/WEF_Future_of_Consumption_Fast-Growth_Consumers_markets_India_report_2019.pdf\">http:\/\/www3.weforum.org\/docs\/WEF_Future_of_Consumption_Fast-Growth_Consumers_markets_India_report_2019.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pwc.lu\/en\/sustainable-finance\/docs\/pwc-esg-report-the-growth-opportunity-of-the-century.pdf\">https:\/\/www.pwc.lu\/en\/sustainable-finance\/docs\/pwc-esg-report-the-growth-opportunity-of-the-century.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[22]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/business\/2020\/oct\/03\/green-and-pleasant-beats-urban-buzz-as-families-opt-to-leave-cities\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/business\/2020\/oct\/03\/green-and-pleasant-beats-urban-buzz-as-families-opt-to-leave-cities<\/a>?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\">[23]<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gnhcentrebhutan.org\/what-is-gnh\/gnh-happiness-index\/\">http:\/\/www.gnhcentrebhutan.org\/what-is-gnh\/gnh-happiness-index\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\">[24]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/wellbeingeconomy.org\/wego\">https:\/\/wellbeingeconomy.org\/wego<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":81771,"template":"","tags":[303,414,415],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00ae\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 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