{"id":95132,"date":"2021-12-15T05:45:30","date_gmt":"2021-12-15T05:45:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alj.com\/?post_type=perspective&#038;p=95132"},"modified":"2022-09-27T06:52:22","modified_gmt":"2022-09-27T06:52:22","slug":"the-future-is-fusion","status":"publish","type":"perspective","link":"https:\/\/alj.com\/en\/perspective\/the-future-is-fusion\/","title":{"rendered":"The future is fusion"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4>A Q&amp;A with Commonwealth Fusion Systems\u2019 Founder and CEO on its ground-breaking fusion technology program.<\/h4>\n<p>Commonwealth Fusion Systems (<a href=\"https:\/\/cfs.energy\/\">CFS<\/a>) is one of the most exciting companies operating at the cutting edge of science and transforming thinking in the energy sector.\u00a0 Since being founded in 2018, as a spinout from <a href=\"https:\/\/mit.edu\">MIT<\/a>\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.psfc.mit.edu\/\">Plasma Science and Fusion Center<\/a> it has been developing High-Temperature Superconducting (<a href=\"https:\/\/cfs.energy\/technology#hts-magnets-enabling-technology\">HTS<\/a>) magnets and is building the world\u2019s first net-energy-gain fusion system.\u00a0 This game-changing technology has the potential to provide the world with limitless, sustainable and clean power.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/yeSvUmD51Ig\" width=\"560\" height=\"314\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>In December 2021, the <a href=\"https:\/\/jimco.com\/en\/funds\/technology\/\">JIMCO Technology Fund<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/jimco.com\/en\/news\/jimco-technology-fund-announces-major-participation-in-us-1-8-billion-series-b-funding-round-for-commonwealth-fusion-systems\/\">participated<\/a> in CFS\u2019s US$ 1.8 billion Series B funding round to accelerate the commercialization of fusion energy. \u00a0The investment continues <a href=\"https:\/\/jimco.com\">JIMCO\u2019s<\/a> support of innovative breakthrough technologies that will positively shape the future of core industries driving the global economy.<\/p>\n<p>We spoke to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/mumgaard\/\">Bob Mumgaard<\/a>, Chief Executive Officer and Co-founder, CFS, and <a href=\"https:\/\/jimco.com\/en\/who-we-are\/our-people\/fady-jameel\/\">Fady Jameel<\/a>, Deputy President and Vice Chairman, <a href=\"https:\/\/alj.com\">Abdul Latif Jameel<\/a>, to discuss the company\u2019s technology, its vision for truly sustainable energy and how it fits in with JIMCO\u2019s fast-growing portfolio of advanced tech innovators and disruptors.<\/p>\n<h2>Can you explain the background to CFS and its mission?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>BM: <\/strong>CFS was based on people and ideas that came out of the MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.psfc.mit.edu\/\">PSFC<\/a>).\u00a0 PSFC had been working on fusion energy for decades, and we could see that the technology was going to make the leap from lab to commercialization.\u00a0 The question was how that would happen and what we could do to speed the process along.\u00a0 In 2016, we started to formulate a plan, based on the advanced magnet technology we were developing at MIT, with whom we still work very closely.\u00a0 By 2018, CFS had spun out as a separate company and had its first funding.\u00a0 The next step was to execute the technical plan that we had put together.<\/p>\n<h2>Could you explain in simple terms the science behind fusion power systems?<\/h2>\n<p>Fusion is the opposite process of fission (also commonly known as nuclear fission, or what we know as nuclear power in daily life today). \u00a0Whilst nuclear fission <em>splits<\/em> the atom, fusion takes the lightest atoms (for example, hydrogen) and combines them \u2013 or <em>fuses<\/em> them \u2013 together.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"JIMCO Technology Fund: What is Fusion Energy?  (EN VO\/Subs)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/piWcj-fbsf0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Fusion is the fundamental reaction of the universe.\u00a0 It\u2019s how all stars \u2013 like our Sun \u2013 work.\u00a0 It\u2019s the reaction that built up all the atoms inside us.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>To make that reaction occur on Earth in a machine, you need to get the conditions inside that machine to replicate the conditions inside a star.\u00a0 That is very, very hot, like 100 million degrees [Celsius], so the material that produces fusion \u2013 plasma \u2013 feels like it&#8217;s in outer space, not on Earth.\u00a0 Most of the technologies that have been developed to do this use a magnetic field to insulate the plasma.\u00a0 The plasma is heated to incredible temperatures and eventually the reaction starts to happen and produces energy.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/WdoI1X5m96s\" width=\"560\" height=\"314\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>\u00a9 courtesy of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center.<\/p>\n<p>Two of the critical elements in enabling that process are the magnets and the size and shape of the machine.\u00a0 Basically, the stronger the magnets, the better the insulation.\u00a0 In terms of the machine, different shapes have different attributes to how the plasma is insulated. \u00a0The type of machine most fusion energy systems use, including CFS, is called a tokamak, which is basically a \u2018magnetic bottle\u2019 for confining fusion plasma.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_95154\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-95154\" style=\"width: 987px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-95154\" src=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/JET-fusion-experiments.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"987\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/JET-fusion-experiments.jpg 661w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/JET-fusion-experiments-300x233.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/JET-fusion-experiments-150x117.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 987px) 100vw, 987px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-95154\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Interior of the JET fusion experiments, showing a fusion plasma (right). Photo Credit: \u00a9 EUROfusion<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>So what is so ground-breaking about fusion energy?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>BM: <\/strong>The fusion process releases enormous amounts of energy &#8211; around 200 million times more energy per reaction than burning fossil fuels.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_95168\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-95168\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-95168\" src=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Tokamak-components-300x220.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"220\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Tokamak-components-300x220.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Tokamak-components-150x110.jpg 150w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Tokamak-components.jpg 523w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-95168\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The essential tokamak components include the toroidal field coils (blue), the central solenoid (green), and poloidal field coils (grey). The total magnetic field (in black) around the torus confines the path of travel of the charged plasma particles.<br \/>\nIllustration \u00a9 courtesy of EUROfusion \/ US Dept. of Energy.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>This has a whole bunch of knock-on effects.\u00a0 One, it means that basically the fuel is free. \u00a0There is no resource that\u2019s required for the fuel.\u00a0 It\u2019s everywhere and is universally accessible. \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>This means that energy is decoupled from resources, which is a fundamental shift in how we think about energy and power. \u00a0You\u2019re not extracting something from the ground or waiting for the wind to blow or the sun to shine.\u00a0 You\u2019re just building a machine.<\/p>\n<p>The other thing is, because it\u2019s the opposite of nuclear [fission] power, it doesn\u2019t have the downsides.\u00a0 It doesn\u2019t have the atomic chain reaction or the meltdown concerns.\u00a0 It doesn\u2019t have the materials you have to keep track of because they can be used to make weapons.\u00a0 It doesn\u2019t have the long-lived nuclear waste that needs to be disposed of.\u00a0 It\u2019s a much cleaner, simpler process in that sense.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Was there a particular technological breakthrough that you saw as a way to push forward this technology?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>BM:<\/strong> Yes, there was.\u00a0 The tokamak is by far the most understood approach to fusion.\u00a0 It\u2019s a proven to confine the plasma in which fusion occurs and is higher performing than any other concept by a factor of around 1,000.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>There is one big downside, though: current tokamak technology requires them to be very large to create the magnetic field to achieve net energy for fusion, a requirement for a power plant.\u00a0 For example, an international collaboration of countries is building one in the south of France called ITER and it is a very, very big facility. \u00a0The platform for the tokamak machine alone is 1km long and 400m wide \u2013 equivalent to about 60 soccer fields.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_95147\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-95147\" style=\"width: 949px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-95147\" src=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/ITER-site-France.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"949\" height=\"579\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/ITER-site-France.jpg 646w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/ITER-site-France-300x183.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/ITER-site-France-150x91.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 949px) 100vw, 949px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-95147\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The ITER site in France. Thousands of engineers and scientists have contributed to the design of ITER since the idea for an international joint experiment in fusion was first launched in 1985. The ITER Members \u2013 China the European Union, India, Japan, Korea, Russia and the United States &#8211; are now engaged in a 35-year collaboration to build and operate the ITER experimental device, and together bring fusion to the point where a demonstration fusion reactor can be designed. Photo Credit: \u00a9 courtesy ITER\/EUROFusion<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>We believed if we could build more powerful magnets with a significantly higher magnetic field, we could drastically reduce the size of the tokamak and achieve net energy from fusion with a smaller and less expensive machine.<\/p>\n<p>So, we used newly available high-temperature superconductors (HTS) to build new game-changing magnets that were much smaller with much higher magnetic fields than current fusion magnets.<\/p>\n<p>As a result, by developing these HTS magnets in the right configurations, we can now make much, much smaller tokamaks \u2013 about 40 times smaller than ITER, for example \u2013 which is a game-changer for fusion systems.<\/p>\n<h2>How powerful are these HTS magnets?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>BM:<\/strong> The magnets we use are 20 Tesla<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> (20T), which is the unit used to measure magnetism. \u00a0This is the strongest fusion magnet of its kind.\u00a0 By comparison, a 15T magnet could lift 31 Eiffel Towers, a 19T magnet could lift 403 Boeing 747s, and our 20T magnet could lift a battleship.<\/p>\n<h2>Were these HTS magnets developed at MIT?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>BM:<\/strong> When we started there were very few HTS magnets. \u00a0Some of the material had been around, and people had made smaller magnets out of it, but nothing anywhere close to what was needed for a fusion machine. \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>At the start of CFS as a company our objective was focused on how we develop this magnet technology as quickly as possible. \u00a0That was our goal for the first three years of the company, in collaboration with MIT.\u00a0 People said it would take at least 10 years. \u00a0We were confident we could do it in three, and we did.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_95161\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-95161\" style=\"width: 2246px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-95161\" src=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/JIMCO-visit-to-CFS.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2246\" height=\"848\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/JIMCO-visit-to-CFS.jpg 2246w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/JIMCO-visit-to-CFS-300x113.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/JIMCO-visit-to-CFS-1024x387.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/JIMCO-visit-to-CFS-150x57.jpg 150w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/JIMCO-visit-to-CFS-768x290.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/JIMCO-visit-to-CFS-1536x580.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/JIMCO-visit-to-CFS-2048x773.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2246px) 100vw, 2246px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-95161\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bob Mumgaard CEO, CFS, leads Fady Jameel, Deputy President and Vice Chairman, Abdul Latif Jameel, together with Denis G Whyte from MIT PSFC into the Commonwealth Fusion Systems workshop- a single HTS magnet can be seen in its case bottom left.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Fady, Abdul Latif Jameel has a long track record in investing in sustainable energy technologies. What is it about Commonwealth Fusion Systems that particularly grabbed your attention?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>FJ:<\/strong> We first became aware of CFS through our relationship with MIT.\u00a0 MIT is very close to our hearts and our business, and we take what they say very seriously.\u00a0 It\u2019s been quite a successful relationship in terms of business, and also in terms of philanthropy.<\/p>\n<p>When we heard about CFS we were immediately interested due to our existing involvement in renewable energy technologies, both in solar and wind, and most recently in green hydrogen.\u00a0 CFS is pioneering a transformational pathway that could help to enable global decarbonization at a much faster rate through its revolutionary technology, and we were keen to get involved and provide our support to aid and accelerate that process.<\/p>\n<p>I was with our <a href=\"https:\/\/alj.com\/en\/our-people\/mohammed-abdul-latif-jameel\/\">Chairman<\/a> in Glasgow at COP26, and we saw the level of interest in fusion energy. \u00a0It\u2019s generating a lot of excitement in terms of what could be achieved, possibly much sooner than other available technologies today.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-94699\" src=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Commonwealth-Fusion-Systems_111821_18-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Fady Jameel &amp; Bob Mumgaard, CFS\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1601\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Commonwealth-Fusion-Systems_111821_18-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Commonwealth-Fusion-Systems_111821_18-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Commonwealth-Fusion-Systems_111821_18-1024x640.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Commonwealth-Fusion-Systems_111821_18-150x94.jpg 150w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Commonwealth-Fusion-Systems_111821_18-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Commonwealth-Fusion-Systems_111821_18-1536x960.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Commonwealth-Fusion-Systems_111821_18-2048x1280.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Do you think private capital has an opportunity, if not a responsibility, to accelerate the development of breakthrough technologies like this and create a sustainable future?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>FJ:<\/strong> Yes. \u00a0I think private capital \u2013 and family businesses \u2013 both have the advantage of patience.\u00a0 They can afford to invest for the longer term because they don\u2019t have a raft of shareholders demanding returns in three to five years.\u00a0 As such, I believe they have a unique opportunity, arguably a <em>responsibility<\/em>, to invest in these types of breakthrough future technologies as part of their business continuity, and also as a responsibility for future generations.<\/p>\n<h2>There are other fusion energy projects being worked on around the world. What makes CFS\u2019s technology different? Is it all about the magnets?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>BM:<\/strong> Our aim is to move fusion technology forward as fast as possible by using the proven science and developing new technologies that will enable commercialization.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>That\u2019s why we use the tokamak \u2013 it\u2019s the highest-performing and most well-understood fusion approach.\u00a0 Then we add the thing that was missing, which was the ability to build it in the right scale, and that comes from the HTS magnets.\u00a0 By adding HTS magnet technology to tokamaks, we are able to commercialize fusion energy on the fastest possible timeline.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-95140\" src=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/HTS-Magnet-Tech.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"931\" height=\"520\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/HTS-Magnet-Tech.png 661w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/HTS-Magnet-Tech-300x167.png 300w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/HTS-Magnet-Tech-150x84.png 150w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/HTS-Magnet-Tech-375x208.png 375w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/HTS-Magnet-Tech-226x126.png 226w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 931px) 100vw, 931px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>It&#8217;s not only our magnet technology that makes CFS unique.\u00a0 We\u2019re very much a collaborative group.\u00a0 We work collaboratively across different labs and institutions.\u00a0 We publish our research, get peer reviewed, ask questions.\u00a0 We are constantly asking, \u201cHow can we make this better?\u201d\u00a0 The level of critique we invite is fairly unique.\u00a0 We do that because we know this approach has been proven in industry, over and over again, as a way to accelerate progress, to get things out into the world faster.\u00a0 With climate change, we\u2019re dealing with a ticking clock, so we want to move as fast as we can.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>Once it\u2019s commercialized, will this technology replace solar and wind energy, or will it complement them?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>BM:<\/strong> It\u2019s very clearly a complement.\u00a0 Energy is the largest market in human history, but we have to completely change how we do it.\u00a0 It is a daunting task, but that is what the energy transition requires. \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>We should be deploying the technologies that we have today as fast as we can, so wind and solar, those are technologies that we have today. \u00a0They\u2019re not perfect, but they\u2019re way better than putting more carbon in the air.\u00a0\u00a0 If you don\u2019t solve the energy question, you don\u2019t solve climate change. \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Fusion offers the ability to have another complementary tool that is zero-emissions, with zero carbon, no resource extraction, no high-level nuclear waste, and very, very power dense, meaning it makes a lot of power in a small plant. \u00a0That\u2019s a very unique thing to put into the energy mix.<\/p>\n<h2>Bob, you talk about being ready to commercialize fusion energy by the early 2030s. What are the next steps towards achieving that?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>BM: <\/strong>Our first milestone was to build the HTS magnet and show that it could work.\u00a0 We just finished that in September [2021].\u00a0 The next milestone is to build and operate <a href=\"https:\/\/cfs.energy\/technology#sparc-fusion-energy-demonstration\">SPARC<\/a>.\u00a0 SPARC is a commercially relevant net-energy fusion tokamak that uses HTS magnet technology.\u00a0 It will be the first net-energy tokamak that has ever been built, which means much more power comes out than goes in to heat the plasma.\u00a0 SPARC is designed to produce 10 times more power than it consumes, which is what you need for a commercial system, and we\u2019re aiming to do that in 2025.<\/p>\n<p>SPARC itself does not put power on the grid. \u00a0We are building another system to do that, the first fusion power plant we call <a href=\"https:\/\/cfs.energy\/technology#arc-commercialization\">ARC<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>SPARC is already under construction and should be operating in 2025.\u00a0 It will hugely advance our understanding not the plasma physics and a tokamak, but also the experience of building the plant and what it costs.\u00a0 It will give us a lot of confidence on how the commercial unit, ARC, will work. \u00a0From SPARC we will learn more about how it will run, what it will cost, and what it will take to put that onto the grid.\u00a0 We\u2019re aiming to have ARC up and running in the early 2030s.<\/p>\n<h2>What are you most looking forward to over the next few years as CFS works towards its goals?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>FJ: <\/strong>We\u2019re very excited and we\u2019re looking forward to the journey together. \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>We\u2019re here to help. \u00a0We\u2019re here to really push this forward. \u00a0This is much more to us than just a profitable venture. \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>This is a new direction for JIMCO, and hopefully a new direction for the industry and for our society.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_94692\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-94692\" style=\"width: 2218px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-94692 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Commonwealth-Fusion-Systems_111821_09.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2218\" height=\"1432\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Commonwealth-Fusion-Systems_111821_09.jpg 2218w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Commonwealth-Fusion-Systems_111821_09-300x194.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Commonwealth-Fusion-Systems_111821_09-1024x661.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Commonwealth-Fusion-Systems_111821_09-150x97.jpg 150w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Commonwealth-Fusion-Systems_111821_09-768x496.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Commonwealth-Fusion-Systems_111821_09-1536x992.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Commonwealth-Fusion-Systems_111821_09-2048x1322.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2218px) 100vw, 2218px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-94692\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fady Jameel (left) and Bob Mumgaard (right) at Commonwealth Fusion Systems offices<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>BM: <\/strong>We are already well on our way on that journey.\u00a0 We are out there doing this right now.\u00a0 We\u2019re excited.\u00a0 We\u2019re confident.\u00a0 In the past, we have always had ambitious timelines and we\u2019ve done a pretty good job of hitting those timelines even in the face of skepticism.\u00a0 We\u2019re excited to continue to do that going forward, picking up momentum, working with more partners, paving the way in the future so that the next stage is ready.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> The Tesla (T) is a derived unit of the magnetic B-field strength in the International System of Units. One tesla is equal to one weber per square meter. \u00a01 T in: is equal to SI base units: 1 kg\u22c5s\u22122\u22c5A\u22121 Symbol: T Derivation: 1 T = 1 Wb\/m2<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":95133,"template":"","tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Q&amp;A With the Founder &amp; CEO Of CFS | Abdul Latif Jameel\u00ae<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Read the Q&amp;A with Commonwealth Fusion Systems&#039; Founder, Bob Mumgaard, and CEO, Fady Jameel, about the company&#039;s ground-breaking fusion technology program.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/alj.com\/en\/perspective\/the-future-is-fusion\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" 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