{"id":14391,"date":"2016-11-21T10:38:27","date_gmt":"2016-11-21T10:38:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alj.com\/fr\/news\/combat-global-water-food-scarcity\/"},"modified":"2018-10-28T10:07:03","modified_gmt":"2018-10-28T10:07:03","slug":"combat-global-water-food-scarcity","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/alj.com\/fr\/news\/combat-global-water-food-scarcity\/","title":{"rendered":"Participer \u00e0 la lutte contre la p\u00e9nurie d\u2019eau et de nourriture dans le monde"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>D\u2019ici \u00e0 l\u2019horizon\u00a02025, 1,8\u00a0milliard de personnes vivront dans des pays ou r\u00e9gions connaissant une p\u00e9nurie d\u2019eau extr\u00eame, et les deux\u00a0tiers de la population mondiale pourraient vivre dans des conditions de \u00ab\u00a0stress hydrique\u00a0\u00bb, avec un acc\u00e8s limit\u00e9 \u00e0 une eau propre et salubre*.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e0 l\u2019heure actuelle, pr\u00e8s de 700\u00a0millions de personnes dans 43\u00a0pays \u00e0 travers la plan\u00e8te souffrent de p\u00e9nuries d\u2019eau, principalement en Afrique sub-saharienne, selon l\u2019ONU-Eau.<\/p>\n<p>Il est pr\u00e9vu que d\u2019ici\u00a02030 la demande alimentaire augmente de 50\u00a0% suppl\u00e9mentaires, alors que la population mondiale continue de s\u2019accro\u00eetre \u00e0 un rythme alarmant. Ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne appauvrira plus encore les ressources en eau alors que chaque ann\u00e9e approximativement 30\u00a0% des denr\u00e9es alimentaires produites dans le monde\u00a0\u2013\u00a0pr\u00e8s de 1,3\u00a0milliard de tonnes\u00a0\u2013\u00a0sont perdues ou inutilis\u00e9es, ce qui signifie que l\u2019eau utilis\u00e9e pour leur production est \u00e9galement gaspill\u00e9e en vain.<\/p>\n<p>Afin de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 la demande alimentaire globale d\u2019ici \u00e0 l\u2019horizon\u00a02050, la production agricole devra augmenter de 60\u00a0%, ce qui repr\u00e9sente un d\u00e9fi \u00e9norme pour les agronomes et experts en technologie \u00e0 travers le monde.<\/p>\n<p>La branche sociale d\u2019Abdul Latif Jameel,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/aljci.org\/\">Abdul Latif Jameel Initiatives Communautaires (ALJCI)\u00a0<\/a>soutient les efforts visant \u00e0 r\u00e9duire ces probl\u00e8mes en renfor\u00e7ant des relations de longue date avec des dirigeants mondiaux dans la lutte contre la p\u00e9nurie alimentaire et d\u2019eau.<\/p>\n<p>Depuis plusieurs ann\u00e9es, ALJCI collabore avec le\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/web.mit.edu\/\">Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)<\/a>\u00a0dans le cadre de programmes de r\u00e9duction de la pauvret\u00e9 et a d\u00e9sormais \u00e9tabli un nouveau laboratoire au sein du MIT, appel\u00e9 le\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/web.mit.edu\/jwafs\/\">Abdul Latif Jameel World Water and Food Security\u00a0Lab (J-WAFS)<\/a>\u00a0(Laboratoire Abdul Latif Jameel pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire et en eau dans le monde), qui conduira des recherches essentielles relatives \u00e0 l\u2019impact de la croissance d\u00e9mographique, de l\u2019urbanisation et de la variabilit\u00e9 climatique sur les ressources alimentaires et en eau.<\/p>\n<p>Le laboratoire J-WAFS a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 op\u00e9rer en septembre\u00a02014 et sera \u00e0 l\u2019avant-garde des recherches visant \u00e0 aider l\u2019humanit\u00e9 \u00e0 s\u2019adapter \u00e0 une plan\u00e8te en mutation rapide et \u00e0 combattre la p\u00e9nurie alimentaire et en eau \u00e0 travers l\u2019ensemble de la plan\u00e8te. Le laboratoire a pour propos d\u2019aborder les pressions collectives mettant en danger les syst\u00e8mes alimentaires et hydriques autant dans les pays d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s que dans les pays en d\u00e9veloppement.<\/p>\n<p>Du fait que les syst\u00e8mes et besoins alimentaires et hydriques sont souvent sp\u00e9cifiques \u00e0 un pays particulier ou une r\u00e9gion particuli\u00e8re, l\u2019approche du laboratoire mettra l\u2019emphase sur des solutions variant en fonction de la zone d\u2019activit\u00e9. Le laboratoire cherchera \u00e9galement \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper des approches globales au travers d\u2019un \u00e9ventail de disciplines\u00a0: planification et am\u00e9nagement urbain, ing\u00e9nierie et technologie, climat et hydrologie, ainsi que sciences politiques, \u00e9conomiques et sociales.<\/p>\n<p>*\u00a0Nations Unies D\u00e9partement des affaires \u00e9conomiques et sociales (ONU DAES)<\/p>\n<p>Pour plus d\u2019informations concernant le laboratoire J-WAFS, nous vous invitons \u00e0 lire l\u2019int\u00e9gralit\u00e9 du communiqu\u00e9 de presse\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/alj.com\/en\/news\/solving-an-urgent-challenge-of-world-food-water-security\/\">ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":1214,"template":"","tags":[],"newscategory":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Combattre la p\u00e9nurie d&#039;eau et de nourriture \u00e0 travers le 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