{"id":15582,"date":"2018-08-16T11:23:28","date_gmt":"2018-08-16T11:23:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alj.com\/tr\/?post_type=perspective&p=15582"},"modified":"2022-03-22T07:45:21","modified_gmt":"2022-03-22T07:45:21","slug":"doguya-bakan-gozler-suudi-arabistan-ve-dogu-pazarlari-arasinda-buyuyen-ticareti-kesfetmek","status":"publish","type":"perspective","link":"https:\/\/alj.com\/tr\/perspective\/doguya-bakan-gozler-suudi-arabistan-ve-dogu-pazarlari-arasinda-buyuyen-ticareti-kesfetmek\/","title":{"rendered":"Do\u011fuya Bakan G\u00f6zler: Suudi Arabistan ve do\u011fu pazarlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcyen ticareti ke\u015ffetmek"},"content":{"rendered":"

On y\u0131l \u00f6nce, d\u00fcnya b\u00fcy\u00fck bir finansal krizin neden oldu\u011fu zorluklar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele ediyordu. IMF<\/a>‘nin 1930’lardan beri en k\u00f6t\u00fc k\u00fcresel durgunluk olarak de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fi krizden yaln\u0131zca birka\u00e7 \u00fclke etkilenmedi.[1]<\/a><\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn g\u00fcven geri d\u00f6n\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya reel GSY\u0130H’s\u0131n\u0131n 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda %3,2 ve 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda %3,1 oran\u0131nda artmas\u0131 bekleniyor.[2]<\/a> Emirates Investment Bank taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re K\u00f6rfez \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Konseyinde (GCC) yer alan y\u00fcksek gelir segmentindeki ki\u015filerin %65’i k\u00fcresel ekonomik durumun iyile\u015fmekte ya da istikrarl\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmektedir.[3]<\/a> D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131<\/a> 2017’yi \u201cbeklenenden \u00e7ok daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u201d<\/em>[4]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> olarak tarif ederken, <\/em>Uluslararas\u0131 Para Fonu (IMF) \u201cd\u00fcnya ekonomisi geni\u015f tabanl\u0131 bir ivme kazanmaya devam etmektedir\u201d<\/em>[5]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> kan\u0131s\u0131ndad\u0131r<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, k\u00fcresel ticaret ortam\u0131nda korumac\u0131 bir ABD ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve \u00e7o\u011fu kesimde kayg\u0131 yaratan k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtt\u0131\u011f\u0131 potansiyel tepkinin neden oldu\u011fu baz\u0131 korkutucu i\u015faretler var. D\u00fcnya Ticaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (WTO<\/a>) bu kurumlardan bir tanesi… \u201cK\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131c\u0131 ticaret politikas\u0131 \u00f6nlemlerinin artan kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve i\u015fletmelere ve t\u00fcketicilere getirdikleri belirsizlik, k\u00fcresel ticaret ve \u00fcretim a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bedeli a\u011f\u0131r olacak misilleme d\u00f6ng\u00fcleri \u00fcretebilir\u201d<\/em>[6]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc ileri s\u00fcrmektedir.<\/em><\/p>\n

Yine de, enerjilerini do\u011fuya do\u011fru \u00e7e\u015fitlendirmek ve odaklamak isteyen ekonomiler i\u00e7in hala ba\u015far\u0131ya giden stratejik yollar mevcut. GCC\u2019nin \u00e7o\u011fu, Uzak Do\u011fu\u2019yla zaten derin ve s\u00fcrekli olarak artan ba\u011flant\u0131lar kurmu\u015ftur.. Washington Post, \u201cK\u00f6rfez ve Asya aras\u0131ndaki, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde fark edilmeyen bu b\u00fcy\u00fcyen ba\u011flar, jeopolitik modelleri ve ili\u015fkileri yeniden \u015fekillendirme potansiyeline sahip\u201d <\/em>diyor.[7]<\/a><\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya Ekonomik Forumu<\/a>, Do\u011fu’nun en b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcc\u00fc olan \u00c7in\u2019in 2030\u2019da d\u00fcnyan\u0131n h\u00e2kim ekonomik g\u00fcc\u00fc olarak Amerika\u2019n\u0131n yerini almas\u0131n\u0131 bekliyor.[8]<\/a> \u201c\u00c7in’in kapasitesini geli\u015ftirme ve bir\u00e7ok \u00fclke ile ekonomik ba\u011flar kurma politikas\u0131 onun \u201chayati bir deniza\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ortak ve yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmesinin yolunu a\u00e7t\u0131.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Suudi Arabistan da \u00e7oktan beridir \u00c7in ile g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ticaret ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 kurmu\u015ftur. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en kalabal\u0131k \u00fclkesi, Suudi Arabistan ekonomisinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck ithalat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ve Suudi Arabistan’\u0131n ihracat\u0131 i\u00e7in ikinci en b\u00fcy\u00fck pazard\u0131r. Ba\u015fka bir Uzak Do\u011fu ekonomisi olan Singapur da d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcd\u00fcr.[9]<\/a> The Economist, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u0131\u015f proje finansman\u0131 ve liberalle\u015fmeye y\u00f6nelik ilave ad\u0131mlar gerektiren mega proje stoku sayesinde (GCC) b\u00f6lgesinin yat\u0131r\u0131m dinamiklerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in en b\u00fcy\u00fck potansiyele\u201d<\/em> sahip oldu\u011funu ve \u201cSuudi Arabistan’daki \u00c7in yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zla artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d<\/em>[10]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> kaydediyor<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in, ger\u00e7ekten de Asya, Afrika, Avrupa ve Okyanusya’da 70 \u00fclkeyi yeni demiryolu ve nakliye hatlar\u0131 ile birle\u015ftirmeyi hedefleyen iddial\u0131 Ku\u015fak ve Yol Giri\u015fimi ile[11]<\/a> zaten 21. Y\u00fczy\u0131la uygun yeni ticaret yollar\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, Suudi Arabistan ile Orta Do\u011fu, Kuzey Afrika ve T\u00fcrkiye (MENAT) b\u00f6lgesi ve \u00c7in, Japonya, Kore ve ba\u015fta Singapur ve Malezya olmak \u00fczere ASEAN blo\u011fu gibi Do\u011fu g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin daha geni\u015f ve h\u0131zla geli\u015fen ekonomileri aras\u0131nda geli\u015fmekte olan bir ticaret ili\u015fkisi, Orta Do\u011fu ile Uzak Do\u011fu aras\u0131nda gelecekteki yat\u0131r\u0131m ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in ne anlama geliyor?<\/p>\n

Daha m\u00fcreffeh bir Orta Do\u011fu<\/h2>\n

\"\"Hong Kong Ticaret Geli\u015ftirme Konseyi (HKTDC<\/a>) Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Vincent Lo, \u00c7in’in Ku\u015fak ve Yol Giri\u015fiminin ilgili pazarlar i\u00e7in benzeri g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f faydalar\u0131 olabilece\u011fine inan\u0131yor. \u015eunlar\u0131 belirtiyor: \u201cGiri\u015fim, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda hem geli\u015fmi\u015f hem de geli\u015fmekte olan ekonomiler i\u00e7in muazzam geli\u015fim f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 sunuyor.\u201d<\/em>[12]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere’nin The Guardian gazetesine g\u00f6re ‘ku\u015fak’ \u201c\u00c7in ile Orta Asya ve Orta Do\u011fu \u00fczerinden Avrupa’y\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flayan bir dizi karayolu koridorudur.\u201d<\/em>[13]<\/a><\/p>\n

Haziran 2018’de, 51 \u00fclkeden 3 binden fazla h\u00fck\u00fcmet yetkilisi ve i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131 lideri, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131ll\u0131k Ku\u015fak ve Yol Zirvesi i\u00e7in Hong Kong Kongre ve Sergi Merkezi’nde topland\u0131. Ku\u015fak ve Yol planlar\u0131 \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck bir altyap\u0131 geli\u015ftirme projesi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ekonomik i\u015f birli\u011fini ve ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olmay\u0131 te\u015fvik etmeyi\u201d<\/em>[14]<\/a> ama\u00e7l\u0131yor.<\/em> \u00c7in\u2019in hem yak\u0131n hem de uzak \u00fclkelerle olan ekonomik ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme niyetinin ciddi bir i\u015fareti olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n

Bu, MENAT b\u00f6lgesinde ve \u00f6zellikle ekonomik olarak g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc GCC blo\u011funda yer alan \u00fclkeler i\u00e7in iyi bir haber gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. \u00c7in’in, Ocak 2016’da yay\u0131nlanan ilk Arap politika raporuna g\u00f6re Orta Do\u011fu ve Pekin aras\u0131ndaki ticaret 2014 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar ge\u00e7en on y\u0131lda %600 oran\u0131nda artarak[15]<\/a> ayn\u0131 y\u0131l 230 milyar dolara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[16]<\/a> Ayr\u0131ca orta ve uzun vadede Orta Do\u011fu’ya daha fazla fayda sa\u011flayabilecek baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli alanlar\u0131 da \u00f6zetlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u201cArap \u00fclkelerinden daha fazla petrol d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00c7in pazar\u0131na giri\u015fini destekliyoruz. Ticaret yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmeye devam edece\u011fiz ve iki y\u00f6nl\u00fc ticaretin s\u00fcrekli ve istikrarl\u0131 olarak geli\u015fimini te\u015fvik edece\u011fiz. \u00c7in ve Arap ticaret otoriteleri aras\u0131nda \u00c7in-GCC FTA m\u00fczakerelerinin tamamlanmas\u0131 ve erken bir tarihte serbest ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalanmas\u0131 konusunda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f al\u0131\u015fveri\u015finde ve isti\u015farelerde bulunaca\u011f\u0131z.\u201d<\/em>[17]<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

MENA b\u00f6lgesindeki b\u00fcy\u00fcme f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 ve \u00c7in’in \u201cGoing Global\u201d ekonomi politikas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00c7in ve Orta Do\u011fu aras\u0131ndaki artan ticaret ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131, BMI Research’\u00fcn MENA \u00fclkelerinin altyap\u0131 pazarlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u00c7in yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131llarda h\u0131zlanarak devam edece\u011fini belirtmesine gerek\u00e7e olu\u015fturan \u00fc\u00e7 nedenden birisidir.[18]<\/a><\/p>\n

Orta Do\u011fu Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc de bu de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri kabul etmektedir. \u00c7in’in halihaz\u0131rda b\u00f6lgeyle en b\u00fcy\u00fck ticaret orta\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve Arap \u00fclkeleriyle ticari ili\u015fkilerini geli\u015ftirmenin \u201c\u00c7in i\u00e7in en \u00f6nemli \u00f6nceliklerden birisi\u201d<\/em> oldu\u011funu ve hedefinin b\u00f6lgeyle olan ticaretini 2020 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar ikiye katlayarak 600 milyar ABD Dolar\u0131\u2019na \u00e7\u0131karmak oldu\u011funu\u201d[19]<\/a> do\u011frulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Orta Do\u011fu ve \u00c7in aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 sayg\u0131, kolayl\u0131k ve ekonomik ger\u00e7eklerden kaynaklanan bir ili\u015fkidir. \u00c7in\u2019in Orta Do\u011fu\u2019dan petrol ithalat\u0131n\u0131n 2015\u2019te g\u00fcnde \u00fc\u00e7 milyon varilden 2035\u2019te 6 milyon varile \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildiren The Economist’e g\u00f6re \u201c\u00c7in bat\u0131ya bakt\u0131k\u00e7a, Arap \u00fclkeleri do\u011fuya d\u00f6n\u00fcyor.\u201d<\/em>[20]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00c7in’in \u00d6tesinde<\/h2>\n

Bununla birlikte, GCC’nin Uzak Do\u011fu ile olan ticaret ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131, \u00c7in’in \u00f6tesine uzan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Japonya, petrol\u00fcn %76’s\u0131n\u0131 Suudi Arabistan, BAE ve Kuveyt’ten ithal ederken, Japonya ile BAE aras\u0131ndaki ikili ticaret 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda 51 milyar ABD Dolar\u0131 de\u011ferindeydi.[21]<\/a><\/p>\n

Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n uygulama ile ilgili mevzuat de\u011fi\u015fikliklerine ve derin bir anlay\u0131\u015fa dayal\u0131 stratejik planlar\u0131na ek olarak mesaj\u0131n\u0131 yaymak i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi kararl\u0131l\u0131k bu \u00fclkenin 2017 ilkbahar\u0131nda baz\u0131 y\u00fcksek profilli uluslararas\u0131 ticaret ve diplomasi giri\u015fimlerine kat\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Endonezya da 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda Orta Do\u011fu ile olan ticaret ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmay\u0131 planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Amac\u0131, ba\u015flat\u0131lan bir dizi h\u00fck\u00fcmet program\u0131 ve a\u00e7\u0131klanan \u00fc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k hedefler do\u011frultusunda GCC’ye petrol ve do\u011fal gaz harici ihracat\u0131n\u0131 %5,6 (3,49 milyar ABD Dolar\u0131) art\u0131rmak.[22]<\/a><\/p>\n

Benzer \u015fekilde, GCC-Singapur Serbest Ticaret Anla\u015fmas\u0131 (GSFTA) neredeyse be\u015f y\u0131l \u00f6nce, Eyl\u00fcl 2013’te y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir.[23]<\/a> Ayr\u0131ca GCC ve G\u00fcney Kore aras\u0131nda da \u00f6nemli ba\u011flant\u0131lar vard\u0131r. Orta Do\u011fu Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc’n\u00fcn bir raporuna g\u00f6re, Kore’den GCC’ye yap\u0131lan ihracat 2013’te 17,8 milyar ABD Dolar\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131rken GCC’nin Kore’den ithal etti\u011fi en pop\u00fcler \u00fcr\u00fcnler otomobil, \u00e7elik, makine ve elektronik \u00fcr\u00fcnlerdir.[24]<\/a><\/p>\n

Orta ve Uzak Do\u011fu aras\u0131nda giderek b\u00fcy\u00fcyen ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n bir g\u00f6stergesi, Frans\u0131z d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce kurulu\u015fu Institutes Francais des Relations Internationales (IFRI<\/a>) taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan ve K\u00f6rfez devletlerinin Japonya, G\u00fcney Kore, \u00c7in ve Hindistan’a yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ihracat\u0131n Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi’ne yap\u0131lan ihracata k\u0131yasla \u00fc\u00e7 kattan daha fazla oldu\u011funu tespit eden bir raporda \u00f6zetlenmi\u015ftir ve bu rakam bu on y\u0131l\u0131n geri kalan\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye devam etmektedir.[25]<\/a><\/p>\n

Do\u011fudan-Do\u011fuya ticaretin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r:[26]\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0\"\"<\/em><\/p>\n

Suudi Arabistan: ticaret ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131na \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etme<\/h2>\n

Suudi Arabistan i\u00e7in \u00c7in ve di\u011fer Uzak Do\u011fu ekonomileriyle olan ba\u011flar\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ekonomik bir zorunluluktur. Veliaht Prens Muhammed bin Salman, ekonomik \u00e7e\u015fitlendirmeyi merkeze alan Vizyon 2030 kapsam\u0131ndaki iddial\u0131 ve geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7ekli reformlar\u0131 ile ilerlemeye devam ederken, do\u011fuya do\u011fru geni\u015fleme ile sa\u011flanan olanaklara kar\u015f\u0131 iyimserlik ve inan\u00e7 art\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

“Suudi Arabistan \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131ta aras\u0131ndaki uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6nemli ticaret yollar\u0131n\u0131n kesi\u015fme noktas\u0131ndad\u0131r: Asya, Avrupa ve Afrika. Bu nedenle, istisnai ve stratejik co\u011frafi konumumuzdan elde etti\u011fimiz faydalar\u0131 en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131karaca\u011f\u0131z, ekonomimizi b\u00fcy\u00fctmek i\u00e7in yeni stratejik ortakl\u0131klar kuraca\u011f\u0131z ve Suudi \u015firketlerinin \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin ihracatlar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131z.\u201d<\/em>[27]<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"Vizyon 2030, Suudi Arabistan i\u00e7in iddial\u0131 bir hedef belirlemektedir: \u201cArap ve \u0130slam d\u00fcnyalar\u0131n\u0131n kalbi, yat\u0131r\u0131m merkezi ve \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131tay\u0131 birle\u015ftiren merkez\u201d olmak.<\/em> Suudi Arabistan, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda 8 milyar dolar olan do\u011frudan yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar 18,6 milyar ABD Dolar\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karmak istiyor.[28]<\/a> 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar do\u011frudan yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n, GSYH’nin %3,8’inden %5,7 d\u00fczeyine \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 hedefliyor.[29]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cSuudi Arabistan’\u0131 i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131na a\u00e7mak, \u00fcretkenli\u011fi art\u0131racak ve d\u00fcnyadaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomilerden biri olma yolculu\u011fumuzu kolayla\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131r\u2026 Hem yerli hem de yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar i\u00e7in cazip bir ortam yarataca\u011f\u0131z ve ulusal ekonomimimizin dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve potansiyeline y\u00f6nelik g\u00fcvenlerini kazanaca\u011f\u0131z.\u201d<\/em>[30]<\/a><\/p>\n

Suudi Arabistan’da, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin Vision 2030 iddialar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n fiziksel kan\u0131tlar\u0131 mevcuttur. Suudi Arabistan, hava ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kapasiteyi art\u0131ran Al-Qunfudah’daki yeni havaliman\u0131ndan, Cidde’nin Kral Abdulaziz Uluslararas\u0131 Havaliman\u0131’nda (KAIA) y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen 7,2 milyar dolarl\u0131k geni\u015fleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ve Kral Abdullah Liman\u0131’ndaki y\u0131ll\u0131k i\u015f hacminde %21’lik bir art\u0131\u015fa kadar[31]<\/a> y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla k\u00fcresel bir lojistik merkezi olmak i\u00e7in kararl\u0131 bir hamle yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

“Bu yat\u0131r\u0131mlardan tam anlam\u0131yla yararlanmak i\u00e7in \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6rle birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 ve altyap\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 hem i\u00e7eriden hem de s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n \u00f6tesinde tamamlamak, geli\u015ftirmek ve birle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in bir dizi yeni uluslararas\u0131 ortakl\u0131\u011fa girmeyi planl\u0131yoruz. \u2026 Hava, deniz ve di\u011fer ula\u015f\u0131m i\u015fletmeleri kapasitelerinden en iyi \u015fekilde yararlanmak i\u00e7in te\u015fvik edilecekler: mevcut ticaret merkezleriyle kal\u0131c\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131lar elde etmenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yeni ticaret yollar\u0131 a\u00e7malar\u0131 sa\u011flanacak. Bu, \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131taya a\u00e7\u0131lan \u00f6zel lojistik ge\u00e7it olarak konumumuzu g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecek.\u201d<\/em>[32]<\/a><\/p>\n

Do\u011frudan yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7in bir odak noktas\u0131<\/h2>\n

Suudi Arabistan, bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra giderek artan oranda yabanc\u0131 do\u011frudan yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u015fl\u0131ca merkezlerden birisi oluyor. Suudi Arabistan, GCC’nin \u00f6nde gelen bir \u00fcyesi olarak \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn di\u011fer be\u015f \u00fcyesinin her birine g\u00fcmr\u00fcks\u00fcz eri\u015fim sa\u011flama avantaj\u0131n\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Suudi Arabistan’da i\u015f yapan \u015firketler de gelir vergisi, sat\u0131\u015f vergisi ve emlak vergisine hi\u00e7 tabi olmamalar\u0131 da d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli mali avantajlardan yararlanmaktad\u0131r. Deniza\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar, yaln\u0131zca toplam k\u00e2r \u00fczerinden %20 oran\u0131nda kurumlar vergisi ve %5 oran\u0131nda stopaj vergisine tabidir ve herhangi bir zarar durumunda, \u201cgelecekteki vergileri dengelemek i\u00e7in s\u00fcresiz olarak ertelenmektedir\u201d[33]<\/a>[34]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Ekselanslar\u0131 Eng. \u0130brahim Al-Omar, Suudi Arabistan Genel Yat\u0131r\u0131m Kurumu (SAGIA) Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak atanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6nceliklerinden birisi de Suudi Arabistan’\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 sahnede \u00e7ekicili\u011fini art\u0131rmaya devam etmektir. Kendisi \u015funlar\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir:<\/em>[35]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"\"<\/em><\/p>\n

“SAGIA ne zaman Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131 tan\u0131mayan yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131larla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fsa, Vizyon 2030 kapsam\u0131nda devam eden d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmsel de\u011fi\u015fiklikler hakk\u0131nda konu\u015ftu\u011fumuzda, genel olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerinden ve duyduklar\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc \u015fa\u015f\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve etkilenmi\u015f olarak ayr\u0131l\u0131yorlar.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em>Tepkilerine dayanarak anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131za g\u00f6re, belki de Suudi Arabistan\u2019a bir alg\u0131yla gelip buradan ba\u015fka bir alg\u0131yla ayr\u0131l\u0131yorlar.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em>“Yakla\u015f\u0131k 32 milyonluk n\u00fcfusunun yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131 25 ya\u015f alt\u0131nda olan bir \u00fclkeyiz ve bu n\u00fcfus y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k %2,5 oran\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcyor. T\u00fcketicilerin y\u00f6nlendirdi\u011fi bu g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc pazar b\u00f6lgesel benzerlerimizle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6rece y\u00fcksek miktarda sat\u0131n alma g\u00fcc\u00fcyle kontrol ediliyor.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cSuudi Arabistan ayn\u0131 zamanda Riyad\u2019dan sadece be\u015f saatlik u\u00e7u\u015f mesafesinde, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcyen piyasalar\u0131n\u0131n baz\u0131lar\u0131nda, yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 1,5 milyar t\u00fcketiciden olu\u015fan daha da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir pazara ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir \u00fcs te\u015fkil ediyor.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em>Suudi Arabistan, \u00c7in ile halihaz\u0131rda \u00f6ncelikle d\u0131\u015f politikaya dayal\u0131 olan ancak giderek derinle\u015fen ekonomik ba\u011flarla g\u00fc\u00e7lenen g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve kapsaml\u0131 bir ili\u015fkiden yararlanmaktad\u0131r.[36]<\/a> \u00d6rne\u011fin, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Suudi Arabistan Kral\u0131 Salman, \u00c7in’e yap\u0131lan ve 65 milyar dolar de\u011ferinde ekonomik ve ticari anla\u015fma imzalanan bir ticaret heyetine ba\u015fkanl\u0131k etmi\u015ftir.[37]<\/a><\/p>\n

The Economist taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan analiz, Suudi Arabistan ve \u00c7in aras\u0131ndaki ikili ticaret ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n Suudi Arabistan ile hem ekonomik hem de politik anlamda geleneksel olarak en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Bat\u0131l\u0131 m\u00fcttefiki olan Birle\u015fik Devletler aras\u0131ndaki ticarete k\u0131yasla daha de\u011ferli oldu\u011funu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.[38]<\/a> Ger\u00e7ekten de Bahreyn, M\u0131s\u0131r, \u0130ran ve Suudi Arabistan devletlerinin t\u00fcm\u00fc \u00c7in’den di\u011fer \u00fclkelere g\u00f6re daha fazla ithalat yapmakta ve Suudi Arabistan, \u0130ran ve Umman’la birlikte di\u011fer \u00fclkelere k\u0131yasla \u00c7in’e daha fazla mal ihra\u00e7 etmektedir.[39]<\/a><\/p>\n

Di\u011fer b\u00fcy\u00fck Do\u011fu g\u00fc\u00e7leriyle de somut ba\u011flant\u0131lar mevcuttur. Suudi Japonya Vizyonu 2030, iki \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki ikili ekonomik i\u015fbirli\u011fini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeyi ama\u00e7layan resmi bir anla\u015fmad\u0131r. Suudi Arabistan Kral\u0131 Salman, 2017 bahar\u0131nda anla\u015fmay\u0131 imzalamak i\u00e7in Tokyo’da Japon Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Shinzo Abe’yi ziyaret etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Suudi-Japonya ili\u015fkileri, Suudi Arabistan’\u0131n Vizyon 2030 ve Japonya’n\u0131n 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klanan ve \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra kendi hedeflerine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 gereklili\u011fin belirlendi\u011fi (bunlardan ilki “‘gelecek vaat eden pazarlara’ stratejik geni\u015fleme\u201d<\/em>[40]<\/a> olarak \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr) B\u00fcy\u00fcme Stratejisi’nin bir kombinasyonuna dayal\u0131d\u0131r<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\"\"Do\u011fulu i\u015f ortaklar\u0131yla da yat\u0131r\u0131mlar yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. 2017 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, Suudi Aramco, Malezya firmas\u0131 Petronas’\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rafineri ve petrokimya projesinden pay almak i\u00e7in 7 milyar ABD Dolar\u0131 taahh\u00fct etmi\u015ftir. PRefChem olarak bilinen giri\u015fim muhtemelen G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya’daki di\u011fer yat\u0131r\u0131mlar i\u00e7in bir platform olarak kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r.[41]<\/a><\/p>\n

Mevzuat reformlar\u0131n\u0131n ve diplomatik \u00e7abalar\u0131n bir araya gelmesinin ba\u015fka yerlerde de meyve verdi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u015eubat 2017\u2019de PepsiCo Cidde\u2019de \u00f6nemli bir \u00fcretim tesisi kurma planlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayarak Suudi Arabistan\u2019n\u0131n gelece\u011fine g\u00fcven duydu\u011funu ortaya koymu\u015ftur. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131llarda daha da geni\u015flemeden \u00f6nce t\u00fcm K\u00f6rfez b\u00f6lgesine tedarikte bulunacakt\u0131r. PepsiCo Asya, Orta Do\u011fu ve Kuzey Afrika CEO\u2019su Sanjeev Chadha \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir: \u201cBu fabrika k\u00fcresel olarak PepsiCo sisteminde en b\u00fcy\u00fcklerden birisi olacakt\u0131r<\/em>.\u201d<\/em><\/a>[42]<\/a><\/p>\n

K\u00fcresel elektronik devi Sony de Orta Do\u011fu ve Afrika\u2019daki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fctmeyi hedeflemektedir. Piyasaya yeni \u00fcr\u00fcnler vermeyi ve yenilenmi\u015f bir i\u015f stratejisini bir araya getirerek 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda i\u015flerini y\u00fczde 20 artt\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r<\/a>.[43]<\/a><\/p>\n

Do\u011fudan-Do\u011fuya ticarette tarihsel liderler<\/h2>\n

Abdul Latif Jameel’in Japon otomotiv \u00fcreticisi Toyota ile Suudi Arabistan’daki resmi da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in bir anla\u015fma imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 1955 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri Abdul Latif Jameel Do\u011fudan-Do\u011fuya ticaret ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n saflar\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kurucu Abdul Latif Jameel’in vizyonu, nesiller boyunca Abdul Latif Jameel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Abdul Latif Jameel, faaliyet g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi toplumlara de\u011fer katmak ve kalk\u0131nmay\u0131 te\u015fvik etmek suretiyle bir i\u015f ortaklar\u0131 a\u011f\u0131yla uzun soluklu uluslararas\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131lar kurmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fletmenin do\u011fu pazarlar\u0131ndaki k\u00f6kleri m\u00fctevaz\u0131yd\u0131 ve bundan 60 y\u0131ldan uzun bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce sadece d\u00f6rt Toyota BJ arazi arac\u0131 sipari\u015f verilmi\u015fti. Bug\u00fcn, Abdul Latif Jameel’in d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen binek ara\u00e7 markalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen bir distrib\u00fct\u00f6r\u00fc ve perakendecisi olarak konumu, Suudi Arabistan’\u0131n ekonomik geli\u015fimine \u00f6nemli bir katk\u0131 sa\u011flamas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz 17 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde, insan ve g\u0131da ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in klima ve so\u011futma ekipmanlar\u0131 sa\u011flayan ba\u015fka bir Japon firmas\u0131 DENSO<\/a> ile bir i\u015f ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na girdik. \u0130\u015f ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Toyota Hilux pikap i\u00e7in klima \u00fcretimi ve montaj\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, ayn\u0131 zamanda Kuzey Afrika’da DENSO par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstleniyor ve T\u00fcrkiye’de ara\u00e7 klima ekipmanlar\u0131 \u00fcretiyor.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fuda ba\u015fka yerlerde, Singapur merkezleri, otomotiv sat\u0131\u015f sonras\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 par\u00e7a markam\u0131zdan birisi olan DJ Parts<\/a> \u015firketinin ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve geli\u015ftirmeyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctmesini sa\u011fl\u0131yor. P2 ve FBK<\/a> adl\u0131 iki par\u00e7a markas\u0131, kurulu\u015fun kendi da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m noktalar\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu Malezya ve \u00c7in’deki fabrikalarda faaliyet g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fudan-Do\u011fuya ili\u015fkilerine \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck eden Abdul Latif Jameel, \u00c7in’in muazzam ekonomisi ile de \u00f6nemli ili\u015fkilere sahiptir.<\/p>\n

2018’de, \u00c7in’deki Abdul Latif Jameel Motors, Toyota’n\u0131n \u00c7inli ortaklar\u0131yla birlikte FAW (FTMS<\/a>) ve GAC (GTMC<\/a>) Toyota ve Lexus ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n perakende sat\u0131\u015f faaliyetlerinin 20. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kutlad\u0131. Abdul Latif Jameel Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve \u0130cra Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mohammed Abdul Latif Jameel<\/a> \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: \u201c\u00dclkeye de\u011fer, end\u00fcstri deneyimi katma ve derin k\u00f6kler salma taahh\u00fcd\u00fcm\u00fcze ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, tercih edilen bir otomotiv orta\u011f\u0131 olmam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

K\u00fcresel yat\u0131r\u0131m ortaklar\u0131 i\u00e7in stratejik rehberlik ve destek<\/h2>\n

Suudi Arabistan’\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi ve d\u0131\u015f ticaret ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi, her zaman i\u00e7in Abdul Latif Jameel’in ana odak noktalar\u0131ndan birisi olmu\u015ftur. Bu vizyon, 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda Abdul Latif Jameel Investments \u015firketinin kurulmas\u0131yla birlikte ba\u015fka bir evreye girmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Abdul Latif Jameel, Suudi Arabistan’a do\u011frudan yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in tasarlanan bu giri\u015fime \u00f6nemli kaynaklar taahh\u00fct ederek Vizyon 2030’da \u00f6zetlenen ekonomik \u00e7e\u015fitlendirmenin h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve sa\u011flanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olma konusundaki kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Ayr\u0131ca b\u00f6lgedeki en g\u00fcvenilir yat\u0131r\u0131m ortaklar\u0131ndan biri olarak konumumuzu da teyit etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Abdul Latif Jameel Investments, D\u00fcnya Ekonomik Forumu taraf\u0131ndan ‘gen\u00e7 bir d\u00fcnya lideri’ olarak takdir edilen, Volkswagen Group Suudi Arabistan’\u0131n eski icra kurulu ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve bundan \u00f6nce SAGIA icra kurulu \u00fcyesi olan K\u0131demli Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr \u00d6mer Al-Madhi’nin \u00f6nderli\u011finde, Suudi Arabistan ve geni\u015f MENAT b\u00f6lgelerindeki ger\u00e7ek geli\u015fim ve b\u00fcy\u00fcme f\u0131rsatlar\u0131na ula\u015fmak isteyen \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli yat\u0131r\u0131m ortaklar\u0131na bilgi ve rehberlik sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Abdul Latif Jameel Investments, h\u00fck\u00fcmetler, finans kurumlar\u0131 ve marka ortaklar\u0131 ile ba\u011flant\u0131lar da dahil olmak \u00fczere MENAT pazarlar\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki derin bilgi birikimini, kullan\u0131ma haz\u0131r varl\u0131klarla birle\u015ftirmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u015eirket, Abdul Latif Jameel’in yeni pazarlar\u0131 ke\u015ffetme ve uluslararas\u0131 eri\u015fimini potansiyeli y\u00fcksek b\u00f6lgelere geni\u015fletme deneyimi \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir ve yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lara, stratejik ortakl\u0131klar kurma ve Suudi Arabistan ve MENAT b\u00f6lgesinin \u00f6nemli ve geli\u015fmekte olan t\u00fcketici pazarlar\u0131na eri\u015fim sa\u011flama f\u0131rsat\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Say\u0131n Al-Madhi \u015funlar\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir: \u201cAbdul Latif Jameel Investments, Suudi Arabistan’\u0131n ya\u015fam altyap\u0131s\u0131na yabanc\u0131 do\u011frudan yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 getirmeyi taahh\u00fct etmektedir. Abdul Latif Jameel Investments, Suudi Arabistan ve geni\u015f MENAT b\u00f6lgesine ekonomik, toplumsal ve kalk\u0131nma bak\u0131m\u0131ndan katk\u0131da bulunan kilit sekt\u00f6rleri dikkatle se\u00e7mek ve desteklemek suretiyle, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 50 y\u0131l boyunca ilerlemeyi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em>\u201cF\u0131rsatlar\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilirli\u011fe sahip oldu\u011fu h\u0131zla geli\u015fmekte olan sekt\u00f6rlere odaklanmam\u0131z, bizi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bu b\u00f6lgesinde i\u015f yapmak isteyen her \u00f6nemli kurulu\u015f i\u00e7in tercih edilen ortak haline getiriyor. Di\u011fer pazarlarda, \u00f6zellikle de Do\u011fu’da geli\u015ftirilen operasyonel, stratejik ve finansal uzmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 bir araya getirerek, Japon, \u00c7in ve ASEAN \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin hedeflerini desteklemek i\u00e7in ideal bir konumday\u0131z.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Suudi Arabistan’da \u00c7in, Japonya ve ASEAN \u00fclkelerinden gelen proaktif kurulu\u015flara y\u00f6nelik f\u0131rsatlar hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinmek i\u00e7in Abdul Latif Jameel web sitesi<\/a>nin yat\u0131r\u0131mlar<\/a> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ziyaret edin.<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Press Release: Statement by the IMF Mission to the Russian Federation<\/a>, International Monetary Fund, 1 June 2009<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Strong trade growth in 2018 rests on policy choices<\/a>, World Trade Organization, 12 April 2018<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> 2018 GCC Wealth Insight Report<\/a>, Emirates Investment Bank, accessed May 2018<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> Global Economy to Edge Up to 3.1 Percent in 2018 but Future Potential Growth a Concern<\/a>, The World Bank, 9 January 2018<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> Global Economy: Good News for Now but Trade Tensions a Threat<\/a>, International Monetary Fund, 17 April 2018<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> Strong trade growth in 2018 rests on policy choices<\/a>, World Trade Organization, 12 April 2018<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> The Gulf states are turning to Asia in a big way. Here\u2019s why it matters.<\/a> The Washington Post, 21 April 2017<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> Why China could lead the next phase of globalization<\/a>, World Economic Forum, 22 November 2016<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> Saudi Arabia: Trade Statistics<\/a>, Global Edge, accessed May 2018<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> GCC Trade and Investment Flow<\/a>, The Economist Intelligence Unit, 2014<\/p>\n

[11]<\/a> Inside \u2018Belt and Road,\u2019 China\u2019s mega-project that is linking 70 countries across Asia, Europe and Africa<\/a>, Business Insider, 31 January 2018<\/p>\n

[12]<\/a> Belt and Road: From Vision to Action<\/a>, The 2nd<\/sup> Belt and Road Summit, 11 September 2017<\/p>\n

[13]<\/a> The $900bn question: What is the Belt and Road initiative?<\/a> The Guardian, 12 May 2017<\/p>\n

[14]<\/a> The Middle East is the Hub for China\u2019s Modern Silk Road<\/a>, Middle East Institute, 15 August 2017<\/p>\n

[15]<\/a> Is China pivoting towards the Middle East?<\/a> World Economic Forum, 4 April 2017<\/p>\n

[16]<\/a> The great well of China<\/a>, The Economist, 18 June 2015<\/p>\n

[17]<\/a> Full text of China\u2019s Arab Policy Paper<\/a>, Xinhuanet, 13 January 2016<\/p>\n

[18]<\/a> China Set To Expand MENA Market Share<\/a>, BMI Research, 11 January 2017<\/p>\n

[19]<\/a> The Middle East is the Hub for China\u2019s Modern Silk Road<\/a>, Middle East Institute, 15 August 2017<\/p>\n

[20]<\/a> The great well of China<\/a>, The Economist, 18 June 2015<\/p>\n

[21]<\/a> Japan-GCC: A renewable partnership<\/a>, Gulf News, 29 February 2016<\/p>\n

[22]<\/a> Indonesia Targets 5.6% Export Increase to GCC<\/a>, Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Indonesia, 1 June 2017<\/p>\n

[23]<\/a> Gulf Cooperation Council-Singapore Free Trade Agreement comes into force on Sept 1<\/a>, The Straits Times, 1 September 2013<\/p>\n

[24]<\/a> Korea and the GCC: Reaching a Sustainable Economic Partnership<\/a>, Middle East Institute, 6 June 2014<\/p>\n

[25]<\/a> The GCC States of the Persian Gulf and Asia Energy Relations<\/a>, IFRI, September 2012.<\/p>\n

[26]<\/a> Global Marine Trends 2030, Lloyd\u2019s Register Marine & University of Strathclyde<\/a><\/p>\n

[27]<\/a> Vision 2030<\/a>, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.<\/p>\n

[28]<\/a> Saudi Arabia: An Attractive and Fast-Growing Destination for Foreign Direct Investment<\/a>, Opening Doors, Summer 2017<\/p>\n

[29]<\/a> Vision 2030<\/a>, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.<\/p>\n

[30]<\/a> Vision 2030<\/a>, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.<\/p>\n

[31]<\/a> Saudi Arabia: At the heart of global trade routes<\/a>, Opening Doors, Spring 2018<\/p>\n

[32]<\/a> Vision 2030<\/a>, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.<\/p>\n

[33]<\/a> Saudi Arabia: An Attractive and Fast-Growing Destination for Foreign Direct Investment<\/a>, Opening Doors, Summer 2017<\/p>\n

[34]<\/a> Positive Laws and Regulations<\/a>, Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority, accessed May 2017.<\/p>\n

[35]<\/a> A vision to become an investment powerhouse<\/a>, Opening Doors, Winter 2017\/18<\/p>\n

[36]<\/a> The Middle East is the Hub for China\u2019s Modern Silk Road<\/a>, Middle East Institute, 15 August 2017<\/p>\n

[37]<\/a> The Middle East is the Hub for China\u2019s Modern Silk Road<\/a>, Middle East Institute, 15 August 2017<\/p>\n

[38]<\/a> Is China pivoting towards the Middle East?<\/a> World Economic Forum, 4 April 2017<\/p>\n

[39]<\/a> The great well of China<\/a>, The Economist, 18 June 2015<\/p>\n

[40]<\/a> Saudi Japan Vision 2030<\/a>, accessed May 2018<\/p>\n

[41]<\/a> Saudi Aramco to buy $7 billion stake in Petronas\u2019 RAPID refinery project<\/a>, Reuters, 28 February 2017<\/p>\n

[42]<\/a> Pepsi building \u2018one of its largest plants\u2019 in Saudi Arabia \u2013 reports<\/a>, FoodBev Media, 22 February 2017<\/p>\n

[43]<\/a> Sony aims to grow business by 20pc in region<\/a>, TradeArabia, 6 April 2017<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":15576,"template":"","tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSuudi Arabistan ve Do\u011fu Pazarlar\u0131 Aras\u0131ndaki Ticaret | Abdul Latif Jameel\u00ae<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Suudi Arabistan ve Do\u011fu pazarlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fcyen ticarete derinlemesine bir bak\u0131\u015f. 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