![\"Green](\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2023\/11\/ALJ-Urban-Rewilding-scaled.jpg\")
<\/p>\n
Dizginlenemez \u015fekilde ilerleyen a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yap\u0131la\u015fmaya acil bir d\u00fczeltme<\/h2>\n
Kentsel alanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ekolojik olarak daha uyumlu hale getirmemiz, biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik kayb\u0131n\u0131 tersine \u00e7evirmek, insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi tehdidi ile m\u00fccadele etmek i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor. Peki bu kadar acil olan ne?<\/p>\n
- \n
- Hava kalitesinin izlendi\u011fi \u015fehirlerde ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n %80\u2019inden fazlas\u0131, D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (DS\u00d6) taraf\u0131ndan belirlenmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 a\u015fan kirlilik seviyelerine maruz kalmaktad\u0131r.[2]<\/a><\/li>\n
- Ekosistemlerin sadece %30\u2019unu do\u011fal hallerine geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcrerek, yakla\u015f\u0131k 465 milyar ton CO2<\/sub>\u2019nin yakalanabilece\u011fi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen bitki ve hayvan kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n %70\u2019inin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilebilece\u011fi tahmin edilmektedir.[3]<\/a><\/li>\n
- \u015eehirler, \u00e7evrelerindeki k\u0131rsal alanlardan birka\u00e7 derece daha s\u0131cak olacak \u015fekilde kendi mikro iklimlerini ya\u015farlar. Tek bir sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7, 10 kliman\u0131n so\u011futma kapasitesine e\u015fit bir etki g\u00f6stererek fosil yak\u0131tlara ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 enerji \u015febekelerinin y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc azaltabilir.[4]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
![\"Benefits](\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2023\/11\/ALJ-Urban-Rewilding2-scaled.jpg\")
<\/p>\nDo\u011fan\u0131n \u015fehirler ve kasabalar \u00fczerindeki etkisini yeniden sa\u011flanmas\u0131, CO2<\/sub> seviyelerini azaltarak b\u00f6lgesel d\u00fczeyde s\u0131cakl\u0131k seviyelerini azaltabilir. Bu bile ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na takdire \u015fayan bir durumdur ve daha da \u00f6nemlisi harekete ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in yeterli bir sebeptir. \u00dcstelik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, kentsel yeniden do\u011falla\u015fman\u0131n \u015fehirde ya\u015fayan n\u00fcfusun ruh ve beden sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmeye katk\u0131da bulundu\u011funu da g\u00f6stermektedir. Bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma projesi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n %92\u2019sinin, \u00f6zellikle ruh sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 incelerken yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma sonras\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok sa\u011fl\u0131k durumunda %98\u2019e varan iyile\u015fmeler sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymu\u015ftur.[5]<\/a><\/p>\n
\u015eehirlerimizi yeniden \u201cDo\u011fa Ana\u201dya adama fikri asl\u0131na bakarsan\u0131z gecikti. \u00c7ok uzun bir s\u00fcredir r\u00fczgar bunun tam tersi y\u00f6n\u00fcne do\u011fru esiyor.<\/p>\n
ABD, 2001 ve 2017 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 96 milyon d\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fck do\u011fal alan\u0131 konut, sanayi ve enerji ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131ma b\u0131rakt\u0131.[6]<\/a> Her g\u00fcn 24.000 d\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fck park, orman, otlak ve su yolunun imara a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131yla bu b\u00fcy\u00fck beton istilas\u0131 hala devam ediyor. Yeniden do\u011falla\u015fmaya y\u00f6nelik ortak bir odak, d\u00fcnya genelindeki ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde anlaml\u0131 etkiler yaratma potansiyeline sahiptir. Ayr\u0131ca kentsel yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma, Ama\u00e7 11: S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir \u015eehirler ve Topluluklar, Ama\u00e7 14: Sudaki Ya\u015fam ve Ama\u00e7 15: Karasal Ya\u015fam gibi BM S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Kalk\u0131nma Ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n (SDG) ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesine katk\u0131da bulunabilir.<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2023\/11\/SDG-11.png\")
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2023\/11\/SDG-14.png\")
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2023\/11\/SDG-15.png\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
B\u00f6ylesine inkar edilemez kan\u0131tlar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, kentsel karar mercileri bu cesur yeniden yabanile\u015fmi\u015f kasaba ve \u015fehir vizyonunu nas\u0131l test ediyor?<\/p>\n
Yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma do\u011fay\u0131 ve i\u015f olanaklar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftiriyor<\/h2>\n
Kentsel yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma, s\u00f6z konusu co\u011frafyan\u0131n arazi yap\u0131s\u0131na ve \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak d\u00f6rt \u015fekilden birini alabilir.[7]<\/a><\/p>\n
- \n
- Kentsel ye\u015fillik:<\/strong> Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi geri kazanma s\u00fcrecine ba\u015flamak amac\u0131yla do\u011fal bitkilerin ve do\u011fal s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin zaten bozunum ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kentsel bir ortama standart bir yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma y\u00f6ntemi kademeli olarak yeniden uygulan\u0131r.<\/li>\n
- Ye\u015fil ve mavi ba\u011flant\u0131lar:<\/strong> Kasabalar\u0131 ve \u015fehirleri birbirine ba\u011flayan, genellikle a\u00e7\u0131k alanlardan ge\u00e7en korunakl\u0131 ya\u015fam ge\u00e7itleri. Bu ge\u00e7itler; k\u0131rsal koridor, nehir ve akarsu gibi do\u011fal unsurlar\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flayarak, kentsel yay\u0131lman\u0131n hakim oldu\u011fu alanlarda bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ve hayvan t\u00fcrlerinin geli\u015fmesine ve yay\u0131lmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r.<\/li>\n
- K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ek:<\/strong> 500 d\u00f6n\u00fcm veya daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck alandaki projeler genellikle parklar, bah\u00e7eler, \u00e7im kapl\u0131 banketler, ormanlar veya yabani \u00e7i\u00e7ek \u00e7ay\u0131rlar\u0131 gibi belirli alanlar\u0131n restorasyonunu ve bunlar\u0131 do\u011fal bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcme kavu\u015fturmay\u0131 i\u00e7erir.<\/li>\n
- B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ek:<\/strong> 500 d\u00f6n\u00fcmden b\u00fcy\u00fck projelerde akarsu sistemleri, ye\u015fil ku\u015fak arazileri, ulusal parklar ve koruma alt\u0131ndaki deniz alanlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan t\u00fcm do\u011fal alan, birbirine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 bitki ve hayvanlara ait kendinden s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir nitelikteki ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmek \u00fczere yeniden d\u00fczenlenir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Yerel halk\u0131n yerel eylemine bir \u00f6rnek olarak Londra\u2019daki kentsel ye\u015fillendirme projeleri i\u00e7in en iyi uygulama ilkelerini olu\u015fturmakla g\u00f6revlendirilen Londra Yeniden Do\u011falla\u015fma G\u00f6rev G\u00fcc\u00fc<\/a>, 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fan\u0131n iyile\u015fmesini destekleme ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi art\u0131rma konusunda bir rapor yay\u0131nlad\u0131.[8]<\/a> Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma projelerinin be\u015f temel ilkesini \u00f6zetlemi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n
- \n
- Do\u011fan\u0131n y\u00f6n vermesine izin vermek:<\/strong> M\u00fcmk\u00fcnse yerel hayvan t\u00fcrlerinin yeniden o b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fam s\u00fcrmelerini sa\u011flayarak veya insan yap\u0131m\u0131 nehir kanallar\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rarak ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirme ve ekolojik bozunum gibi do\u011fal s\u00fcre\u00e7leri yeniden olu\u015fturmak.<\/li>\n
- Uygun bir \u00f6l\u00e7ekte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma:<\/strong> Do\u011fan\u0131n, de\u011fi\u015fikliklere g\u00f6re d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ya\u015famas\u0131na izin verecek yeterli alan ve zaman sa\u011flayarak ekosistemleri geri kazanmak.<\/li>\n
- Dayan\u0131kl\u0131 do\u011fal alanlar yaratmak:<\/strong> Do\u011fan\u0131n s\u00fcrekli d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve tarihi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin olu\u015fmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011funu kabul etmek. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ve n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131 gibi gelecekteki de\u011fi\u015fkenleri dikkate alarak do\u011fan\u0131n kendisi taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6nlendirilen dinamik yeni bir ekosisteme ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z var.<\/li>\n
- Her canl\u0131n\u0131n faydalanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak:<\/strong> B\u00fcy\u00fck ve \u00e7e\u015fitli bir kent n\u00fcfusu i\u00e7in bol miktarda do\u011fayla i\u00e7 i\u00e7e deneyimler sa\u011flamak. Eri\u015fim sorusu, geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecinin merkezinde yer almal\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 zamanda bir yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma b\u00f6lgesinin insan kaynakl\u0131 bozunuma kar\u015f\u0131 koruma gerektirebilecek k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131na da dikkate almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
- Yerel ekonomileri destekleme:<\/strong> Yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma, dinlence ve e\u011fitim yoluyla do\u011faya dayal\u0131 ekonomileri destekleyebilir. Sel y\u00f6netimi planlar\u0131, hava ar\u0131t\u0131m\u0131, su kalitesi, karbon depolamas\u0131, toprak yenilenmesi ve do\u011fa dostu g\u0131da \u00fcretimi gibi ekosistem projelerinin finanse edilmesine s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir i\u015f f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
![\"Rewilding](\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Rewilding-Britain.png\")
Ger\u00e7ekten de yeniden do\u011falla\u015fman\u0131n ekonomi \u00fczerinde olumsuz bir etkisi olabilece\u011fi fikri, yani ticari uygulamaya g\u00f6re do\u011faya \u00f6ncelik vermenin ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz i\u015f kay\u0131plar\u0131na neden olaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi, modas\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015f yanl\u0131\u015f bir de\u011ferlendirmedir. Rewilding Britain<\/a> taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan ve 500.000 d\u00f6n\u00fcmden fazla arazide 33 projeyi kapsayan bir analiz, yeniden do\u011falla\u015fman\u0131n sonraki on y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre boyunca i\u015f olanaklar\u0131nda %54\u2019l\u00fck bir art\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu ortaya koydu.[9]<\/a><\/p>\nBu bulgular \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Londra\u2019da bu y\u0131l\u0131n Nisan ay\u0131 itibar\u0131yla Rewild London Fund (Londra Yeniden Do\u011falla\u015fma Fonu) arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ye\u015fil alanlar ve a\u011fa\u00e7 dikimi i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 milyon \u0130ngiliz sterlini (40 milyon ABD dolar\u0131) para topland\u0131. Mevcut belediye ba\u015fkan\u0131 Sadiq Khan, Londra\u2019y\u0131 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk \u201cMilli Park \u015eehri\u201d yapmay\u0131 planl\u0131yor.[10]<\/a><\/p>\n
Bunu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak, d\u00fcnya genelinde yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma hareketinin \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc olan di\u011fer kentsel noktalara bir g\u00f6z atal\u0131m.<\/p>\n
Do\u011fayla uyum i\u00e7inde ya\u015famak i\u00e7in pastoral vizyonlar<\/h2>\n
\u0130mar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f bir araziyi i\u015flenmemi\u015f, eski haline geri getirerek veya kentsel topluluklar\u0131n ya\u015famlar\u0131na ye\u015fil bir dokunu\u015f ekleyerek bu do\u011falla\u015fma \u00f6nc\u00fclerinden \u00e7ok fazla ilham alabiliriz.<\/p>\n
\u00c7in\u2019in Harbin \u015fehri, ya\u011fmur d\u00f6neminde artan sel bask\u0131nlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 kentin merkezinde yeniden canland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sulak bir alan olu\u015fturarak yan\u0131t verdi. Mimarlar, geli\u015ftirme nedeniyle do\u011fal su kaynaklar\u0131ndan uzun zamand\u0131r ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan \u015fehrin orijinal sulak alan\u0131n\u0131, bir kentsel ya\u011fmur suyu toplama alan\u0131 olan 340 d\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fck Qunli Ulusal \u015eehir Sulak Alan\u0131na geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in bir plan tasarlad\u0131lar. Ya\u011fmur suyunu filtreleyip ta\u015f\u0131yan bu park, yaban hayat\u0131 i\u00e7in do\u011fal bir alan ve \u015fehrin 10 milyon sakini i\u00e7in bir rekreasyon alan\u0131 sunarak ekosisteme fayda sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
\u00c7in\u2019in bir ba\u015fka \u015fehri Liuzhou ise do\u011fal bina konseptine \u00f6rnek olmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor. 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda in\u015faat\u0131na ba\u015flanan Liuzhou, t\u00fcm altyap\u0131n\u0131n cephelerini s\u00fcsleyen 40.000 a\u011fa\u00e7 ve bir milyon bitki ile y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 10.000 ton karbondioksit ve 57 ton kirletici maddeyi absorbe eden d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk \u201corman kenti\u201d olacak.<\/p>\n
![\"Liuzho](\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Liuzho-Forest-City.jpg\")
Liuzhou Orman \u015eehri (Mimari konsept g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc). Foto\u011fraf Sahibi \u00a9 Stefan Boeri Archutetti<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n Yine Asya\u2019da, Singapur\u2019un \u201cBah\u00e7e \u015eehir\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, 50 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011finde 18 \u201cs\u00fcper a\u011fa\u00e7\u201d dikilmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu etkileyici yap\u0131lar 150.000\u2019den fazla bitkiye ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor ve ya\u011fmur suyunu filtrelemeye, g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi \u00fcretmeye ve \u015fehir sakinlerin ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu g\u00f6lgeli alanlar\u0131 sa\u011flamaya da yard\u0131mc\u0131 oluyor. \u00c7al\u0131, bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc ve \u00fcst bitki tabakas\u0131yla kapl\u0131 ya\u011fmur orman\u0131 ekosisteminden ilham alan 150 kilometre uzunlu\u011fundaki Nature Ways (Do\u011fa Yollar\u0131), \u015fehrin biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini art\u0131ran ye\u015fil koridorlar olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
![\"Liuzho](\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2023\/11\/shutterstock_125810687-scaled.jpg\")
<\/p>\nHindistan\u2019\u0131n Delhi \u015fehrinde su ve hava kalitesini art\u0131rmak, su bask\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netimine ve karbon yakalamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra tehlikeli seviyelere ula\u015fan kentsel s\u0131cakl\u0131k seviyelerini azaltmak i\u00e7in yedi biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik park\u0131 belirlendi. Yamuna Nehri k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki Yamuna Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik Park\u0131 (YBP), 1828 d\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fck orman ve sulak alan\u0131 i\u00e7ine almaktad\u0131r. Azalmakta olan endemik bitkilerin miras\u0131n\u0131n yeniden canland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla ve k\u0131\u015f\u0131n g\u00f6\u00e7 eden ku\u015flar i\u00e7in bir ya\u015fam alan\u0131 sa\u011flanmas\u0131yla \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
![\"Saudi](\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Saudi-Green-Initiative-300x200.jpg\")
Burada, Orta Do\u011fu\u2019da Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n kuzeybat\u0131s\u0131ndaki K\u0131z\u0131l Deniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmekte olan mega ak\u0131ll\u0131 \u015fehir<\/a> Neom\u2019da yeniden ye\u015fillenme giri\u015fiminin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak bir milyon a\u011fa\u00e7 dikilecek ve en az 15 milyon d\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fck arazi \u0131slah edilecek. Bu s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir \u015fehir, Suudi Ye\u015fil Giri\u015fimi ve Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n 2030 Vizyonunun \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\nYo\u011fun n\u00fcfusuyla Nijerya\u2019n\u0131n Lagos kentinde ya\u015fayan Yoruba toplulu\u011fu, toprak veya hidrok\u00fclt\u00fcr ke\u00e7esi gibi bir b\u00fcy\u00fcme ortam\u0131na sahip ve do\u011fal bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcyle kapl\u0131 dik yap\u0131larda toplulu\u011fun y\u00f6netimindeki dikey bah\u00e7elerden olu\u015fan bir a\u011f i\u00e7in kaynak sa\u011flad\u0131. Proje, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli sakinler i\u00e7in alternatif g\u0131da kaynaklar\u0131 \u00fcretirken s\u0131cakl\u0131k seviyelerini azaltmay\u0131 ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi te\u015fvik etmeyi ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Benzer \u015fekilde Avustralya\u2019n\u0131n New South Wales eyaletinde h\u00fck\u00fcmet, Greener Places (Daha Ye\u015fil Yerler) d\u00fczenlemesiyle daha ye\u015fil bir altyap\u0131 olu\u015fturarak iklim dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na odaklan\u0131yor. Sidney\u2019deki biyofilik One Central Park, \u201cdamla sulama\u201d sistemi ile beslenen 1.100 metrekareden geni\u015f bir y\u00fczeyde 383 farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrdeki 35.200 bitkiden olu\u015fan as\u0131l\u0131 bah\u00e7elerle doludur.<\/p>\n
Avustralya\u2019n\u0131n Melbourne kentinde de Green Our City (\u015eehrimizi Ye\u015fillendirelim) stratejisi benimsenmi\u015ftir. Yap\u0131m\u0131na 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015fehrin Southbank b\u00f6lgesindeki Green Spine g\u00f6kdelen kompleksinde ba\u015flanan Green Spine, 6.000 metrekarelik bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc ve bir \u00e7at\u0131 bah\u00e7esi ile yaln\u0131zca \u00fclkenin en y\u00fcksek binas\u0131 de\u011fil; ayn\u0131 zamanda\u00a0d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en y\u00fcksek dikey bah\u00e7esi<\/a> olacak.<\/p>\n
New York\u2019un High Line bah\u00e7eleri, kullan\u0131lmayan bir demir yolunu merkez al\u0131yor ve Manhattan\u2019dan ba\u015flayarak Hudson Nehri boyunca yakla\u015f\u0131k 2,5 km\u2019lik (1,5 mil) bir rota olu\u015fturuyor. Do\u011fan\u0131n, en \u00fccra k\u0131rsal alanlarda oldu\u011fu gibi t\u00fcrlerin rekabet i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fu ve geli\u015fti\u011fi, kendi kendine yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma vizyonunu dikte etmesine izin veriliyor. Bitkiler, kelebekler, ku\u015flar ve tabii ki daha temiz havan\u0131n tad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak ve do\u011fal y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f yollar\u0131na ka\u00e7mak isteyen \u015fansl\u0131 insanlar da bu projeden faydalan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Benzer \u015fekilde Nottingham\u2019da kullan\u0131lmayan bir al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f merkezi; sulak alanlar, ormanlar ve yabani \u00e7i\u00e7eklerden olu\u015fan kentsel bir merkez haline gelmi\u015ftir. Manzaray\u0131 uzun zamand\u0131r bozan bu \u00e7irkin yap\u0131ya yeni bir hayat veren 24 d\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fck Broadmarsh geli\u015fimi, yerli canl\u0131 t\u00fcrlerini \u015fehre geri getirecek ve yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda yer alan o \u00fcnl\u00fc Sherwood Orman\u0131\u2019na yemye\u015fil bir ba\u011flant\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bunun gibi kentsel yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma projeleri, peyzaj\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yap\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fehirlerdeki do\u011fal unsurlar\u0131n azalmas\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmektedir. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere bu ayn\u0131 zamanda restorasyonun ve koruman\u0131n tam olarak nerede geli\u015ftirilebilece\u011fine dair \u00f6n yarg\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 da sorgulat\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcm zorluklara meydan okuyan bir ye\u015fil \u0131\u015f\u0131k<\/h2>\n
Kentsel yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma, projenin kapsam\u0131ndan ve s\u00f6z konusu motivasyon ve parametrelerden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak, a\u015f\u0131lmaz olmasa da belirli yap\u0131sal zorluklarla gelir.<\/p>\n
Bilan\u00e7oda daha k\u00e2rl\u0131 alternatiflere g\u00f6re daha fazla a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan kentsel yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma, sadece ekonomik bir pazarl\u0131k arac\u0131 olmaktan \u00e7ok daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 hak ediyor. \u00d6zellikle bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam kalitesini etkileyen fakt\u00f6rlerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu de\u011ferleri, say\u0131sal olarak nas\u0131l ifade edebiliriz ki? Daha huzurlu ve mutlu bir ya\u015fam\u0131n bedeli nedir? Asl\u0131nda toplumun \u00f6ncelikleriyle ilgili olan bu tart\u0131\u015fmalar devam ediyor ve resmin tamam\u0131 hen\u00fcz \u015fekillenmedi.<\/p>\n
Yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma sadece bitkiler ve a\u011fa\u00e7lar de\u011fil, hayvanlar ve b\u00f6cekler i\u00e7in de gereklidir. Kasabalar\u0131m\u0131za ve \u015fehirlerimize do\u011fal ya\u015fam\u0131 daha fazla davet ediyorsak, insanlarla g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde var olmalar\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l sa\u011flayabiliriz? ABD Hastal\u0131k Kontrol ve \u00d6nleme Merkezleri (CDC), insanlardaki bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131n %60\u2019\u0131n\u0131n hayvanlardan yay\u0131labilece\u011fini ve insanlarda yeni ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131n d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn hayvanlardan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirmektedir. COVID-19, Ebola, MERS ve SARS gibi \u201czoonotik hastal\u0131klar<\/a>\u201d milyonlarca can kayb\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur. Bunlara ve gelecekteki salg\u0131nlara haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken a\u015f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131na daha fazla yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmal\u0131 ve ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan patojenlerin bir ad\u0131m \u00f6n\u00fcnde olmam\u0131za \u00f6nayak olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yapay zekan\u0131n g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e artan g\u00fcc\u00fcnden yararlanmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n
Kentsel yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma, kapsay\u0131c\u0131 bir sosyoekonomik stratejiye dikkatlice entegre edilmezse ekonomik zorluk d\u00f6nemlerinde istenmeyen sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7abilir. Kentlerin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm s\u00fcreci, yeni belirlenen ye\u015fil alanlara da etki ederek b\u00f6lgedeki ev fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rabilir ve zengin ve yoksul aras\u0131ndaki u\u00e7urumu daha da derinle\u015ftirebilir.<\/p>\n
\u00c7o\u011fu yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma plan\u0131, kentsel kurumlar\u0131n genellikle b\u00fct\u00e7e kapsam\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 fonu harcanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. Devlet hibe ba\u015fvurular\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 ve karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r. Bu da bir\u00e7ok plan\u0131n daha ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 a\u015famas\u0131nda durmas\u0131na neden olur. \u0130deal olan, kanun yap\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma konusundaki tasar\u0131lar\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde takip etmenin ve bunlar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00e7elerine dahil etmenin bir yolunu bulmalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6zel sekt\u00f6rden bir \u015fekilde daha fazla yat\u0131r\u0131m temin edilmesi ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir ihtiya\u00e7t\u0131r.<\/p>\n
![\"Natural](\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2023\/11\/NERF-logo.png\")
Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k\u2019\u0131n Do\u011fal \u00c7evre Yat\u0131r\u0131m ve Haz\u0131rl\u0131k Fonu (NEIRF<\/a>), do\u011fa projeleri geli\u015ftirmeleri i\u00e7in yerel makamlara, i\u015fletmelere ve g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc gruplara \u00f6zel yat\u0131r\u0131mlar yoluyla kendi kendine s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilir bir noktaya gelene kadar y\u00fcz binlerce sterlin sa\u011flayarak bunu yapmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r.[11]<\/a><\/p>\nBa\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta turbal\u0131k alanlar\u0131n\u0131 yenileme, sel dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rma ve yeni ye\u015fil kentsel alanlar yaratma planlar\u0131 dahil olmak \u00fczere 50\u2019den fazla program, bu fondan yararlanacakt\u0131r. Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, do\u011fan\u0131n iyile\u015fmesini desteklemek i\u00e7in 2027 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar her y\u0131l 500 milyon sterlin de\u011ferinde \u00f6zel yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 te\u015fvik etmeyi ve 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar da bu rakam\u0131 y\u0131lda en az 1 milyar sterline y\u00fckseltmeyi ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6zel sekt\u00f6r\u00fc olu\u015fturan taraflar, arazi sahipleri olarak \u00fcstlendikleri rol ile kentsel yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma s\u00fcrecine \u00e7oktan dahil olmu\u015f durumdalar. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u00f6zel ki\u015filer ve \u015firketler ABD\u2019deki t\u00fcm arazilerin yakla\u015f\u0131k %60\u2019\u0131na sahiptir.[12]<\/a> \u00c7o\u011fu durumda bir arazi par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n sadece canl\u0131 de\u011fil; ayn\u0131 zamanda ye\u015fil <\/em>olacak \u015fekilde yeniden do\u011falla\u015fmas\u0131 karar\u0131n\u0131 veren kamu sekt\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00c7evreci hareketin halkla ili\u015fkilerdeki avantajlar\u0131 sayesinde \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6rde a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k sahibi daha \u00e7ok akt\u00f6r\u00fcn, yeniden do\u011falla\u015fman\u0131n ilham verici hikayesine kat\u0131lmaya karar vermesi umuluyor.<\/p>\n
M\u00fctevaz\u0131 ad\u0131mlar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir fark yaratabilir<\/h2>\n
Kentsel yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma konseptinin neden bu kadar \u00e7ekici oldu\u011funu anlamak hi\u00e7 de zor de\u011fil. Bu konseptin savunucular\u0131 hem yerel mikro iklim hem de daha geni\u015f biyosfer sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in faydal\u0131 olan daha temiz, daha s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ve g\u00f6rsel olarak daha \u00e7ekici ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia ediyor. Do\u011fan\u0131n ritminden<\/a> kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak uzakla\u015fma riskiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya olan \u015fehir sakinleri i\u00e7in bu ye\u015fil alanlar, ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z d\u00fcnyayla daha derin ba\u011flant\u0131lar kurmaya ve do\u011fay\u0131 koruma duygusunu te\u015fvik etmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Hatta daha ye\u015fil b\u00f6lgelerde b\u00fcy\u00fcyen \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n daha y\u00fcksek IQ\u2019lara sahip oldu\u011funu ve daha az antisosyal davran\u0131\u015flar ve su\u00e7 i\u015fleme e\u011filimi g\u00f6sterdiklerini ortaya koyan veriler bile mevcuttur.[13]<\/a><\/p>\n
Kentsel yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma herkese fayda sa\u011flar. Uygulama esaslar\u0131, milyonlarca dolar tutar\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00e7elere sahip \u015fehir \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011findeki b\u00fcy\u00fck projelerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Sahip oldu\u011funuz arazi ne kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olursa olsun, bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 yapmak ve bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme kat\u0131lmak her daim m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Hepimiz d\u0131\u015far\u0131da ku\u015f kul\u00fcbeleri ve b\u00f6cek evleri gibi canl\u0131 dostu ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131 kurabiliriz. Bitkiden \u00e7it yapabilir veya pencere \u00f6n\u00fcne saks\u0131 bitkileri yeti\u015ftirebiliriz. Mevcut herhangi bir ye\u015fil alanda polen ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 b\u00f6ceklerle dost \u00e7i\u00e7ekler yeti\u015ftirebiliriz.<\/p>\n
![\"David](\"https:\/\/media.alj.com\/app\/uploads\/2023\/11\/David-Attenborough.png\")
\u201cLife in Cold Blood\u201d adl\u0131 BBC TV belgeselinin sunucusu olan do\u011fasever Say\u0131n David Attenborough (ve minik dostu); Foto\u011fraf<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n Bu hareket, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda hepimizi \u201cd\u00fcnyay\u0131 ba\u015ftan yaratmaya\u201d \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ran, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin en \u00f6nde gelen biyolo\u011fu ve do\u011fa tarih\u00e7isi David Attenborough\u2019nun da deste\u011fini ald\u0131.[14]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n
Kendi pencerelerimizden g\u00f6r\u00fcnen kan\u0131tlar\u0131 g\u00f6rmezden gelirsek gezegenimizi ye\u015fillendirme \u015fans\u0131m\u0131z ne olur?<\/p>\n
Kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda bir beton, asfalt ve \u00e7elik y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varken etrafa sa\u00e7\u0131lan abart\u0131l\u0131 ye\u015fil dokunu\u015flarla olumlu hisler uyand\u0131ran bir tuvali g\u00f6rmek biraz hayal g\u00fcc\u00fc gerektirir.<\/p>\n
Ger\u00e7ekten Alt\u0131nc\u0131 Kitlesel Yok Olu\u015fun[15]<\/a> e\u015fi\u011finde ve Antroposen d\u00f6neminin ba\u015f\u0131ndaysak kentsel yeniden do\u011falla\u015fma, uzun s\u00fcredir devam eden \u015fehir\/\u00fclke dikotomisini par\u00e7alamak i\u00e7in m\u00fckemmel bir kavramsal ara\u00e7 olan insan-do\u011fa birlikteli\u011fi i\u00e7in umut verici bir modeli temsil ediyor. Bu, biyosfere ya\u015fatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z zorluklar\u0131 telafi etmenin, gelecek nesillere b\u0131rakaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z d\u00fcnyay\u0131 \u00f6nemsedi\u011fimize dair g\u00fcvence vermenin bir yoludur.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
[1]<\/a> https:\/\/www.citizenzoo.org\/CZ\/urbanrewilding\/<\/a><\/p>\n
[2]<\/a> https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/12-05-2016-air-pollution-levels-rising-in-many-of-the-world-s-poorest-cities<\/a><\/p>\n
[3]<\/a> https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/climate-change\/news\/rewilding-extinction-climate-change-biodversity-summit-co2-b1050021.html<\/a><\/p>\n
[4]<\/a> https:\/\/theconversation.com\/urban-greening-can-save-species-cool-warming-cities-and-make-us-happy-116000<\/a><\/p>\n
[5]<\/a> https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9754067\/<\/a><\/p>\n
[6]<\/a> https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2021\/06\/8-cities-rewilding-their-urban-spaces\/<\/a><\/p>\n
[7]<\/a> https:\/\/www.c40knowledgehub.org\/s\/article\/Urban-rewilding-the-value-and-co-benefits-of-nature-in-urban-spaces?language=en_US<\/a><\/p>\n
[8]<\/a> https:\/\/www.london.gov.uk\/media\/100509\/download<\/a><\/p>\n
[9]<\/a> www.rewildingbritain.org.uk\/why-rewild\/benefits-of-rewilding\/nature-based-economies<\/a><\/p>\n
[10]<\/a> https:\/\/www.london.gov.uk\/programmes-strategies\/environment-and-climate-change\/parks-green-spaces-and-biodiversity\/green-space-funding\/greener-city-fund<\/a><\/p>\n
[11]<\/a> https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/news\/50-projects-receive-up-to-100000-each-to-boost-investment-in-nature<\/a><\/p>\n
[12]<\/a> https:\/\/naldc.nal.usda.gov\/download\/CAT87209991\/PDF<\/a><\/p>\n
[13]<\/a> https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2020\/aug\/24\/children-raised-greener-areas-higher-iq-study<\/a><\/p>\n
[14]<\/a> https:\/\/blog.sciencemuseum.org.uk\/rewilding-the-world\/<\/a><\/p>\n
[15]<\/a> https:\/\/www.worldwildlife.org\/stories\/what-is-the-sixth-mass-extinction-and-what-can-we-do-about-it<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":111708,"template":"","tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
Kentsel Dengemizi Geri Kazanmak | Abdul Latif Jameel\u00ae<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kentsel yeniden yabanla\u015ft\u0131rma hem \u00e7evreye hem de beton ormanlar\u0131ndaki k\u00fcresel n\u00fcfusun 'ine fayda sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Artan \u00f6nemi hakk\u0131nda daha fazlas\u0131 burada.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/alj.com\/tr\/spotlight-by-fady-jameel\/kentsel-dengemizi-yeniden-saglamak\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kentsel Dengemizi Geri Kazanmak | Abdul Latif Jameel\u00ae\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kentsel yeniden yabanla\u015ft\u0131rma hem \u00e7evreye hem de beton ormanlar\u0131ndaki k\u00fcresel n\u00fcfusun 'ine fayda sa\u011fl\u0131yor. 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- Uygun bir \u00f6l\u00e7ekte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma:<\/strong> Do\u011fan\u0131n, de\u011fi\u015fikliklere g\u00f6re d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ya\u015famas\u0131na izin verecek yeterli alan ve zaman sa\u011flayarak ekosistemleri geri kazanmak.<\/li>\n
- Ye\u015fil ve mavi ba\u011flant\u0131lar:<\/strong> Kasabalar\u0131 ve \u015fehirleri birbirine ba\u011flayan, genellikle a\u00e7\u0131k alanlardan ge\u00e7en korunakl\u0131 ya\u015fam ge\u00e7itleri. Bu ge\u00e7itler; k\u0131rsal koridor, nehir ve akarsu gibi do\u011fal unsurlar\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flayarak, kentsel yay\u0131lman\u0131n hakim oldu\u011fu alanlarda bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ve hayvan t\u00fcrlerinin geli\u015fmesine ve yay\u0131lmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r.<\/li>\n
- Ekosistemlerin sadece %30\u2019unu do\u011fal hallerine geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcrerek, yakla\u015f\u0131k 465 milyar ton CO2<\/sub>\u2019nin yakalanabilece\u011fi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen bitki ve hayvan kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n %70\u2019inin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilebilece\u011fi tahmin edilmektedir.[3]<\/a><\/li>\n