{"id":116695,"date":"2024-04-24T07:15:53","date_gmt":"2024-04-24T07:15:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alj.com\/spotlight-by-fady-jameel\/green-jobs-for-green-growth\/"},"modified":"2024-07-16T07:08:56","modified_gmt":"2024-07-16T07:08:56","slug":"green-jobs-for-green-growth","status":"publish","type":"spotlight-fadyjameel","link":"https:\/\/alj.com\/tr\/spotlight-by-fady-jameel\/green-jobs-for-green-growth\/","title":{"rendered":"Ye\u015fil bir gelecek i\u00e7in \u00e7evre odakl\u0131 i\u015fler"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c7evre dostu ekonomiye ge\u00e7i\u015f, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde heyecan verici ekonomik f\u0131rsatlar sunmaktad\u0131r. Ne var ki h\u00fck\u00fcmetler, yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar ve i\u015fverenler bu potansiyelden tam olarak yararlanmak istiyorlarsa cesur kararlar almalar\u0131 gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Profes\u00f6r Jim Skea, CBE FRSE FEI HonFSE
Fen Fak\u00fcltesi, \u00c7evre Politikas\u0131 Merkezi, Imperial College London ve IPCC Ba\u015fkan\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fu iklim krizinin aciliyeti, H\u00fck\u00fcmetler Aras\u0131 \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Paneli\u2019nin (IPCC) yeni ba\u015fkan\u0131 Profes\u00f6r Jim Skea<\/a> taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ifade edildi.<\/p>\n

Ekim 2023\u2019te Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k\u2019taki The Guardian<\/em> gazetesine \u015fu ifadelerde bulundu:<\/p>\n

\u201cEylemi ne kadar uzun s\u00fcre ertelerseniz atmosfere giren k\u00fcm\u00fclatif CO2<\/sub> emisyonlar\u0131 da o kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck olur. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u0131s\u0131nma seviyesi de bir o kadar y\u00fcksek olur. <\/em>Acil m\u00fcdahale edilmesi gereken korkun\u00e7 bir durumun i\u00e7indeyiz. Bu konuda bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm elde etmek istiyorsak bir \u015feyler yapmal\u0131y\u0131z.\u201d<\/em>[1]<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

Profes\u00f6r Skea\u2019n\u0131n yorumlar\u0131, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin getirdi\u011fi zorlu\u011fun \u00fcstesinden gelmek i\u00e7in d\u00fcnyada b\u00fcy\u00fck bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn ve ortak eylemlerin gerekti\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtmektedir. K\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 tehlikeli seviyelerin alt\u0131nda tutmak i\u00e7in pek \u00e7ok \u015feyin h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekecek.<\/p>\n

Ye\u015fil ge\u00e7i\u015f<\/h2>\n

Yenilenebilir enerjiye<\/a> ge\u00e7mek, yeni karbon yakalama<\/a> teknolojileri geli\u015ftirmek ve ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131<\/a> d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n temel bir par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturacakt\u0131r. McKinsey\u2019in 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir rapora g\u00f6re, \u201cnet s\u0131f\u0131ra ula\u015fmak, d\u00fcnya ekonomisinin temelden d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc anlam\u0131na gelecektir\u201d. Bu ge\u00e7i\u015fin k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta emisyona neden olan enerji, sanayi, ula\u015f\u0131m, in\u015faat, tar\u0131m, ormanc\u0131l\u0131k ve di\u011fer arazi kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve at\u0131k vb. sistemlerde \u201c\u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fiklikler\u201d gerektirece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.[2]<\/a><\/p>\n

McKinsey\u2019in 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar net s\u0131f\u0131ra ge\u00e7i\u015f modeli, o y\u0131la kadar petrol ve gaz \u00fcretim hacimlerinin mevcut seviyelerden s\u0131ras\u0131yla %55 ve %70 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, enerji kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u00f6m\u00fcr \u00fcretiminin ise neredeyse duraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Bu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda \u00e7elik \u00fcretimi yakla\u015f\u0131k %10 artacakt\u0131r ve bu art\u0131\u015f\u0131n neredeyse tamam\u0131, \u015fu anda \u00fcretimin sadece d\u00f6rtte birini olu\u015fturan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck emisyonlu \u00e7elik olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130stihdam \u00fczerindeki etki<\/h2>\n

Bu gibi e\u011filimlerin k\u00fcresel ekonominin yap\u0131s\u0131na \u00f6nemli etkileri olacakt\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu rapora g\u00f6re net s\u0131f\u0131ra ge\u00e7i\u015f, yeni ve mevcut varl\u0131klar\u0131n karbondan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta y\u0131ll\u0131k sermaye harcamalar\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 3,5 trilyon ABD dolar\u0131 tutar\u0131nda bir art\u0131\u015f gerektirecektir. Haliyle, istihdam \u00fczerinde de \u00f6nemli bir etkisi olacakt\u0131r. Tahminler, net s\u0131f\u0131ra ge\u00e7i\u015f sonucunda k\u00fcresel olarak milyonlarca i\u015fte net kazan\u00e7 sa\u011flanabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu, yenilenebilir enerji gibi alanlarda daha fazla i\u015f ve fosil yak\u0131tlarla ilgili end\u00fcstrilerde daha az i\u015f gibi sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furarak ekonomide kapsaml\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikliklere neden olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"
BM \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u0130cra Sekreteri Simon Stiell. Foto\u011fraf sahibi, BM<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ge\u00e7en Aral\u0131k ay\u0131nda Dubai\u2019deki COP28 iklim konferans\u0131nda gerekli de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fini ve getirecekleri olumlu f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 vurgulayan BM \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u0130cra Sekreteri Simon Stiell, gazetecilere yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: \u201c\u0130klim tutkumuz ne kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olursa i\u015f imkanlar\u0131, ekonomik g\u00fc\u00e7, ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme o kadar fazla, kirlilik o kadar az ve sa\u011fl\u0131k o kadar iyi olur. \u0130nsanlar\u0131 kap\u0131m\u0131za dayanan iklim tehdidinden koruyarak \u00e7ok daha fazla dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k sa\u011flar\u0131z.\u201d<\/em>[3]<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

Milyonlarca ek i\u015f yaratmas\u0131 bekleniyor<\/h2>\n

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019in bir kurumu olan Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc<\/a> (ILO), \u00e7evre dostu ekonomiye ge\u00e7i\u015fin k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma seviyesini 2 santigrat derecenin alt\u0131nda tutarak 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar i\u015flerde net bir art\u0131\u015fa yol a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rmektedir. ILO\u2019nun yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir rapora[4]<\/a> g\u00f6re bu ge\u00e7i\u015f, 6 milyon i\u015f kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7acak olsa da ayn\u0131 zamanda 24 milyon istihdam yaratacak ve net olarak 18 milyon i\u015f art\u0131\u015f\u0131na yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

ILO, bunun \u201cenerji kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fim ve elektrikli ara\u00e7lar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen art\u0131\u015f\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra mevcut ve gelecekteki binalarda enerji verimlili\u011findeki art\u0131\u015flar da dahil olmak \u00fczere s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir uygulamalar\u0131n benimsenmesi\u201d sonucunda olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck resme bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, ILO\u2019nun analizi, \u00e7evre dostu ekonomiye ge\u00e7i\u015f ile birlikte bir\u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fcme f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin yenilenebilir enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u015f yaratma potansiyelinin, \u201cola\u011fan i\u015f senaryosundan\u201d yakla\u015f\u0131k %11 daha y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131 beklenmektedir. ILO, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n fosil yak\u0131tlara k\u0131yasla daha y\u00fcksek olan net i\u015f art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n nedeninin i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc talebinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra daha geni\u015f de\u011fer zincirindeki istihdamlardan kaynaklanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin bu analiz, ye\u015fil end\u00fcstrilerdeki do\u011frudan istihdama ek olarak, elektrikli ara\u00e7<\/a> \u00fcretmek ve yenilenebilir<\/a> kaynaklardan elektrik elde etmek i\u00e7in gereken makinelerin \u00fcretimi sayesinde de 2 milyondan fazla istihdam olu\u015fturulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

ILO\u2019nun analizi 44 \u00fclke ve be\u015f b\u00f6lgede 163 sekt\u00f6r\u00fc kaps\u0131yordu. Ye\u015fil ge\u00e7i\u015fin, in\u015faatta 6,5 milyon ve elektrikli makine ve aparat \u00fcretiminde 2,5 milyon daha fazla ek i\u015f yarataca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit etti. Y\u00fczdesel olarak en b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015f talebi art\u0131\u015f\u0131na neden olmas\u0131 beklenen ilk \u00fc\u00e7 sekt\u00f6r; g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi (y\u00fczde 3,0), jeotermal enerji (y\u00fczde 0,4) ve r\u00fczgar (y\u00fczde 0,4) olmak \u00fczere elektrik \u00fcretimiyle ilgilidir.<\/p>\n

Ancak bu de\u011fi\u015fikliklerden herkes kazan\u00e7l\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

ILO\u2019nun da belirtti\u011fi gibi, beklenen net i\u015f yaratma s\u00fcreci, \u201cekonominin ciddi bir \u015fekilde yeniden yap\u0131lanmas\u0131yla fosil yak\u0131t sekt\u00f6rlerinde ve ilgili sekt\u00f6rlerde ve b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda bunlara ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde g\u00f6r\u00fclecek istihdam kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 maskeliyor.\u201d<\/p>\n

ILO, k\u00fcresel ekonomideki bu yap\u0131sal de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde kayda de\u011fer \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde farkl\u0131 etkileri olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. Amerika, Asya ve Pasifik\u2019te istihdamda net bir art\u0131\u015f olsa da (s\u0131ras\u0131yla 3, 14 ve 12 milyon i\u015f), yeni ekonomiye y\u00f6nelik i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc haz\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in harekete ge\u00e7ilmedik\u00e7e Orta Do\u011fu ve Afrika net istihdam kay\u0131plar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ye\u015fil ekonomide nitelikli i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc bo\u015flu\u011fu<\/h2>\n

Ye\u015fil ekonomiye ge\u00e7i\u015f, k\u00fcresel olarak d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc f\u0131rsatlar sunuyor. Bununla birlikte d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bu f\u0131rsat\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmesi i\u00e7in ciddi zorluklar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmesi gerekecektir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn gelecekteki i\u015f piyasalar\u0131 i\u00e7in beceri stratejilerine liderlik eden Olga Strietska-Ilina \u201cYenilenebilir enerjiye ge\u00e7i\u015f, potansiyel olarak daha fazla i\u015f f\u0131rsat\u0131 do\u011furuyor ancak insanlar\u0131 yeniden e\u011fitmemiz ve beceri geli\u015ftirmemiz gerekiyor; elbette, bu kendili\u011finden ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmiyor<\/em>\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk olarak, ye\u015fil end\u00fcstrilerin \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde geni\u015flemesi nedeniyle, sekt\u00f6rlerin kendi i\u00e7lerindeki rolleri doldurmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in personel ihtiyac\u0131 giderek art\u0131yor. Ancak bu her zaman basit de\u011fildir. Uluslararas\u0131 Enerji Ajans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (IEA)[5]<\/a> ge\u00e7en y\u0131l yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir rapor, enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki toplam \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n %50\u2019sini istihdam eden temiz enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn, k\u00fcresel enerjiyi karbondan ar\u0131nd\u0131rmaya halihaz\u0131rda devam etti\u011fini ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Raporda, enerji istihdam\u0131n\u0131n artmaya devam etti\u011fi de belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n

IEA, 2021\u2019deki toplam enerji istihdam\u0131n\u0131n 2019\u2019a g\u00f6re 1,3 milyon artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve 2022\u2019de %6 oran\u0131nda bir art\u0131\u015f daha sergileyece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. \u0130stihdamdaki b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin neredeyse tamam\u0131, g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi teknolojisi ve elektrikli ara\u00e7lar i\u00e7in yeni \u00fcretim tesislerinin faaliyete ge\u00e7mesiyle enerji istihdam\u0131nda giderek artan bir orana sahip olan temiz enerji alan\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ancak ye\u015fil enerji sekt\u00f6rlerinde, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yeni roller i\u00e7in gereken niteliklere sahip yeterli say\u0131da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 i\u015fe alabilme konusunda endi\u015feler var. IEA\u2019n\u0131n da belirtti\u011fi gibi, enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fc \u00f6nemli oranda nitelikli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan gerektirir. Bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak ekonominin d\u00f6rtte birini olu\u015fturmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %45\u2019i y\u00fcksek nitelikli rollerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131llarda h\u0131zla b\u00fcy\u00fcyerek \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an inovasyonlara y\u00f6n vermesi beklenen ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve geli\u015ftirme rollerinin pay\u0131ysa daha da artmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

IEA, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc enerji firmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funun, do\u011fru becerilere sahip adaylar\u0131 i\u015fe almak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok rekabet\u00e7i bir ortamla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Bu durum \u00f6zellikle proje y\u00f6neticileri, teknik roller ve bilim, teknoloji, m\u00fchendislik ve matematik (STEM) becerileri i\u00e7eren roller i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n

Bu ihtiya\u00e7 sadece enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn kendisiyle de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda ye\u015fil d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc destekleyecek olan altyap\u0131, ula\u015f\u0131m, planlama ve kentsel ortamlarla ilgili becerilerdir.<\/p>\n

Bir ba\u015fka IEA raporu[6]<\/a>, Ekim 2023\u2019ten itibaren in\u015faat i\u015f\u00e7isi k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda onlarca pazarda temiz enerji tesisi kurulumlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 halihaz\u0131rda tehdit etti\u011fini ve ayr\u0131ca karbonsuzla\u015ft\u0131rma hedeflerini kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in gereken zanaat (elektrik\u00e7iler ve tesisat\u00e7\u0131lar gibi) ve \u00fcretim rollerine yeterli say\u0131da insan\u0131n bulunmas\u0131n\u0131n zor oldu\u011funu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Benzer \u015fekilde, LinkedIn\u2019in 2023 y\u0131l\u0131 K\u00fcresel Ye\u015fil Beceriler<\/em> raporunda[7]<\/a> \u201cye\u015fil becerilere olan talepteki art\u0131\u015f, tedarikteki art\u0131\u015f\u0131 geride b\u0131rak\u0131yor\u201d uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuldu. 2022 ve 2023 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, \u201cye\u015fil yetenek\u201d oran\u0131n\u0131n, yani ye\u015fil ekonomi alan\u0131nda bir i\u015f deneyimi olan veya profillerinde en az bir ye\u015fil ekonomi becerisi bulunan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin oran\u0131n\u0131n incelenen 48 \u00fclkede ortalama %12,3 artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n ye\u015fil ekonomi a\u011f\u0131nda en az bir ye\u015fil beceri gerektiren i\u015f ilanlar\u0131n\u0131n pay\u0131ysa %22,4 artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Baz\u0131 g\u00f6stergeler do\u011fru y\u00f6nde g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de raporda \u201cde\u011fi\u015fimin \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finin hala tehlikeli bir \u015fekilde gerekenden \u00e7ok uzakta\u201d oldu\u011fu belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Yetenek geli\u015ftirme<\/h2>\n

H\u00fck\u00fcmetler ve end\u00fcstriler ye\u015fil ekonomiye ge\u00e7i\u015fin zorluklar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmak i\u00e7in ne yapabilir? Belirlenen ve ye\u015fil d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn baz\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerini etkileyen beceri bo\u015fluklar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n gerekli becerileri geli\u015ftirmelerini desteklemek, ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir karbonsuzla\u015ft\u0131rma s\u00fcrecinde \u00f6nemli bir unsur olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler S\u0131nai Kalk\u0131nma Te\u015fkilat\u0131\u2019na (UNIDO<\/a>)[8]<\/a> g\u00f6re m\u00fchendislik ve teknik becerilerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bilim, operasyon y\u00f6netimi ve izleme becerileri de ye\u015fil i\u015flerde \u00f6zellikle \u00f6nemli olan beceriler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u0130\u015fverenler ve \u00fcniversiteler veya mesleki e\u011fitim programlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra doktora, staj veya \u00e7\u0131rakl\u0131k i\u00e7in sa\u011flanan ara\u015ft\u0131rma hibelerinin yetenek havuzlar\u0131n\u0131 doldurmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen IEA\u2019n\u0131n D\u00fcnya Enerji \u0130stihdam\u0131 raporu[9]<\/a>, y\u00fcksek ve ileri e\u011fitimin bu gibi \u00f6nemli beceri setlerinin geli\u015ftirilmesinde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynayabilece\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fverenler ayr\u0131ca m\u00fchendislik gibi en y\u00fcksek taleple kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya olan alanlarda e\u011fitim m\u00fcfredat\u0131n\u0131 yenileme ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n giderek artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve yeni m\u00fcfredat\u0131 \u015fekillendirmek i\u00e7in \u00fcniversitelerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 sunulursa bunu memnuniyetle kar\u015f\u0131layacaklar\u0131n\u0131 belirttiler.<\/p>\n

Bu t\u00fcr giri\u015fimler d\u00fcnyan\u0131n pek \u00e7ok yerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n

\"\"\u00d6rne\u011fin Londra\u2019da 12 kolej, 11 yerel kurum ve b\u00fcy\u00fck in\u015faat firmas\u0131 dahil olmak \u00fczere 30\u2019dan fazla i\u015fveren, Local London Green Jobs and Skills Partnership yoluyla ye\u015fil beceri e\u011fitimini desteklemek i\u00e7in birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bu giri\u015fim, yenileme ve bilgisayar destekli tasar\u0131m gibi \u00f6nemli alanlarda e\u011fitim sunan sekiz kolej kamp\u00fcs\u00fcndeki \u201cye\u015fil laboratuvarlar\u0131\u201d i\u00e7eriyor.<\/p>\n

Ban Ki-moon K\u00fcresel Vatanda\u015flar Merkezi, Dubai\u2019deki COP28\u2019de gen\u00e7lerin ye\u015fil istihdam f\u0131rsatlar\u0131na eri\u015fmelerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i bir kurs ba\u015flatt\u0131. Dubai Cares taraf\u0131ndan desteklenen \u201cYe\u015fil \u0130\u015flerde Gelece\u011finiz\u201d program\u0131, gen\u00e7leri \u201ctutkular\u0131n\u0131, ilgi alanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve becerilerini iklim krizini do\u011frudan ele alan anlaml\u0131 \u00e7evre dostu kariyerlerle uyumlu hale getirmeleri\u201d i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7lendiriyor.[10]<\/a><\/p>\n

EY ve Microsoft\u2019un 16 ya\u015f ve \u00fczeri ki\u015filerin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik ve giri\u015fimcilik gibi konular hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinmelerini sa\u011flayacak 10 saatlik \u00fccretsiz bir \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i program olan Ye\u015fil Beceri Pasaportu[11]<\/a> gibi di\u011fer sekt\u00f6rlerdeki k\u00fcresel firmalar da benzer beceri geli\u015ftirme giri\u015fimlerini duyurmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

Jameel ailesi ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00f6\u011fretim ve ilgili teknolojideki yenilikleri destekleyerek veya burs ve mentorluk giri\u015fimlerini destekleyerek k\u00fcresel e\u011fitimi iyile\u015ftirmeye ve modernize etmeye y\u00f6nelik \u00e7abalar sarf etmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin, 1994 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana Jameel-Toyota burs program\u0131m\u0131z<\/a> arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ABD\u2019deki Massachusetts Institute of Technology\u2019de okuyan yakla\u015f\u0131k 27 \u00fclkeden 200\u2019\u00fcn \u00fczerinde gencin potansiyellerine ula\u015fmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olduk. Bu program\u0131n bir\u00e7ok mezunu, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir gelece\u011fin in\u015fas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunabilecekleri i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ve akademide ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 kariyerlere devam etmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca, Abdul Latif Jameel Energy\u2019nin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan Fotowatio Renewable Ventures (FRV<\/a>) \u0130spanya\u2019daki Instituto de Empresa (IE)<\/a> \u00dcniversitesinde bir burs program\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctmektedir. Bu giri\u015fim, FRV\u2019nin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir geli\u015fmelerine yak\u0131n b\u00f6lgelerden gelen \u00f6\u011frencilerin IE\u2019de e\u011fitim almalar\u0131n\u0131 destekleyerek d\u00f6rt y\u0131ll\u0131k e\u011fitim boyunca t\u00fcm e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim masraflar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

H\u00fck\u00fcmetler gerekli becerilerin geli\u015fimini y\u00f6nlendirmek ve \u015fekillendirmek i\u00e7in kapsay\u0131c\u0131 politikalar\u0131 uygulamaya koyabildiklerinde bu t\u00fcr giri\u015fimler en \u00e7ok etkiye sahip olurlar. Ancak geli\u015ftirilmeyi bekleyen \u00e7ok fazla alan vard\u0131r. 2015 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki bir AB raporunda[12]<\/a>, \u201cbeceriler ve \u00e7evre politikalar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki koordinasyon eksikli\u011finin\u201d iddial\u0131 ye\u015fil b\u00fcy\u00fcme stratejilerinin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 engelledi\u011fini belirtilmi\u015f ve politika kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fitim ve i\u015f piyasas\u0131 genelinde ye\u015fil yetenekleri ve yetkinlikleri destekleyen bir \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi nas\u0131l sa\u011flayabilece\u011fi vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

AB\u2019nin 2022\u2019de yay\u0131nlanan Avrupa Meslek, Beceri ve Yetkinlik S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131 (ESCO) sistemi, bu ihtiyaca yan\u0131t veren yak\u0131n tarihli bir te\u015fvik giri\u015fimidir[13]<\/a>. 27 dilde yay\u0131nlanan ESCO, ye\u015fil ekonomi i\u00e7in gerekli olan enerji denetimlerinin nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 veya s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fin nas\u0131l \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclece\u011fi gibi becerileri ve bilgi alanlar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r. Bunun amac\u0131, konuyla ilgili meslekleri ve bu mesleklerin gerektirdi\u011fi becerileri ele almak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilecek bir \u201cortak dil\u201d sa\u011flayarak i\u015f hareketlili\u011fini desteklemektir.<\/p>\n

Dengesiz bozulma<\/h2>\n

Ye\u015fil ge\u00e7i\u015fin b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi destekleyece\u011fi yerlerde ve sekt\u00f6rlerde bile ciddi zorluklar\u0131n devam etti\u011fi su g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez bir ger\u00e7ektir. \u00dcstelik yak\u0131n gelecekte i\u015flerini kaybedecek olanlar i\u00e7in daha da b\u00fcy\u00fck zorluklar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin McKinsey\u2019in net s\u0131f\u0131r ge\u00e7i\u015f raporuna g\u00f6re, 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar fosil yak\u0131t \u00e7\u0131karma ve \u00fcretim sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde yakla\u015f\u0131k dokuz milyon daha az do\u011frudan istihdam olana\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olabilir.[14]<\/a><\/p>\n

Bu da \u00e7ok say\u0131da insan\u0131n yeni i\u015f aray\u0131\u015f\u0131na girece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n

Bu gibi de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin etkisinin e\u015fit olmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez. Bu etkiler, bu sekt\u00f6rlerin \u015fu anda yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirli co\u011frafi alanlarda daha \u00e7ok g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir. \u00d6rne\u011fin McKinsey, ABD\u2019nin 44 eyaletinde i\u015flerin %10\u2019undan fazlas\u0131n\u0131n fosil yak\u0131t \u00e7\u0131karma ve rafineri, fosil yak\u0131ta dayal\u0131 enerji ve otomobil \u00fcretimi gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe ge\u00e7ecek sekt\u00f6rlerde oldu\u011funu belirtiyor. Upton, Teksas\u2019taki istihdam\u0131n %41\u2019ini petrol ve gaz \u00e7\u0131karma i\u015fleri olu\u015ftururken Clay, Illinois\u2019deki i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn %31\u2019i otomotiv \u00fcretiminde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Bu rapor Almanya, Japonya, Meksika ve G\u00fcney Kore\u2019de otomotiv \u00fcretiminin istihdamda \u201cnispeten daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir pay\u201d sahibi oldu\u011funu ekliyor.<\/p>\n

Bu gibi alanlar \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131llarda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc piyasas\u0131 bozulmas\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalacak.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcresel d\u00fczeyde, bu t\u00fcr sorunlar\u0131n, bunlar\u0131 y\u00f6netmede en az donan\u0131ma sahip \u00fclkelerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n

McKinsey, net s\u0131f\u0131r ge\u00e7i\u015finde en y\u00fcksek risk seviyeleriyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalan \u00fclkelerin Banglade\u015f, Hindistan ve Kenya dahil olmak \u00fczere ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131 GSY\u0130H\u2019si g\u00f6rece daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fclkeler oldu\u011funu ifade ediyor.<\/p>\n

Bunlar i\u015f, sermaye ve GSY\u0130H\u2019si y\u00fcksek emisyonlu sekt\u00f6rlere yo\u011funla\u015fma e\u011filimi daha y\u00fcksek olan ve ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok engelle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015facak olan \u00fclkelerdir. Y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde fosil yak\u0131t \u00fcreten \u00fclkeler de b\u00fcy\u00fck zorluklarla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalacakt\u0131r. Genel a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaysa daha zengin \u00fclkeler, hizmete dayal\u0131 ekonomileri nedeniyle genel olarak daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck risklerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma e\u011filimindedir. McKinsey, emisyonlara en az katk\u0131da bulunan daha az geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerin iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin zorluklar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmak i\u00e7in daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bedel \u00f6d\u00fcyor olmalar\u0131 nedeniyle, bu durumun e\u015fitsizlik endi\u015felerinin artmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fini belirtiyor.<\/p>\n

\u201cAdil bir ge\u00e7i\u015f\u201d mi?<\/h2>\n

Bu t\u00fcr endi\u015feler, \u201cadil ge\u00e7i\u015f\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fcyen ivmenin geli\u015fmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yak\u0131n zamanda bu konsepte olan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc deste\u011fini teyit eden ILO[15]<\/a>, bunu \u201cekonomiyi ilgili herkes i\u00e7in m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca adil ve kapsay\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ye\u015file d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek, insan onuruna yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r i\u015f f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 yaratmak ve kimseyi geride b\u0131rakmamak\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r. Fosil yak\u0131tlardan g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisine ge\u00e7en bir fabrikay\u0131 \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6sterir. Bu \u00f6rnekte baz\u0131 teknisyenler yeniden e\u011fitilmi\u015f ve di\u011ferleri ise bo\u015fa \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. ILO, bu durumda \u201cadil bir ge\u00e7i\u015fin\u201d, uygun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri bulmak i\u00e7in i\u015fverenleri ve i\u015f\u00e7ileri i\u00e7eren dikkatli bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 gerektirece\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. ILO, bu t\u00fcr yakla\u015f\u0131mlar olmadan ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen ekonomik de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin sosyal e\u015fitsizli\u011fi ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerin hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rabilece\u011fi, grevlere veya toplumsal ayaklanmalara yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fi ve i\u015fletmeler ile ekonomiler \u00fczerinde zarar verici etkiler do\u011furabilece\u011fi konusunda uyar\u0131larda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

ILO ayr\u0131ca ilgili t\u00fcm ki\u015filerin baz\u0131 sorumluluklar\u0131 olsa da \u201cadil ge\u00e7i\u015f\u201d \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n tipik olarak h\u00fck\u00fcmetler taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilece\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Konuyla ilgili bir \u00f6rnek olarak, ye\u015fil ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinden en \u00e7ok etkilenen b\u00f6lge ve toplumlar\u0131 destekleyen Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin 19,2 milyar Euro\u2019luk Adil Ge\u00e7i\u015f Fonu[16]<\/a> verilebilir. Bu fonun kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi projeler aras\u0131nda yeniden e\u011fitme, \u00e7evresel rehabilitasyon, ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve inovasyon i\u00e7eren projeler yer al\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u0130spanya, A Coru\u00f1a\u2019da a\u00e7\u0131k denizde yenilenebilir enerji \u00fcretimi \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapan bir inovasyon merkezini ve C\u00e1diz\u2019de yenilenebilir yak\u0131t \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in mikro alg kullanan bir giri\u015fimi desteklemek i\u00e7in program arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla 869 milyon Euro sa\u011flanacak[17]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"\"Ancak bu t\u00fcr \u00e7abalara ra\u011fmen pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fi ye\u015fil ge\u00e7i\u015fin arzu edilebilirli\u011fi konusunda ikna olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu y\u0131l ABD merkezli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce kurulu\u015fu RMI taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan bir rapor, olumlu tahminlere ra\u011fmen \u201cye\u015fil i\u015flerde bir ikna sorunu\u201d oldu\u011funa i\u015faret etmektedir[18]<\/a>. Bu rapor kapsam\u0131nda, sadece daha fazla istihdam \u00f6ng\u00f6rmenin yetersiz bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct oldu\u011fu ve \u201cye\u015fil i\u015flerin do\u011frudan potansiyel veya mevcut fosil kaynakl\u0131 istihdam\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7ebilece\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrmenin inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d iddia edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

RMI, bir\u00e7ok ye\u015fil i\u015fin \u00fccret, g\u00fcvenlik veya emniyet a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yerini almas\u0131 beklenen i\u015flerden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck nitelikte oldu\u011funu ve ayr\u0131ca i\u015f\u00e7ilerin yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmesini gerektirebilece\u011fini belirtmektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u00c7in\u2019de g\u00fcne\u015f ve r\u00fczgar enerjisi tesisleri gibi temiz enerji projeleri i\u00e7in uygun alanlar, k\u00f6m\u00fcr madenlerinin mevcut konumlar\u0131ndan \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 yerlerde bulunmaktad\u0131r. D\u00fcnya genelinde, bu gibi fakt\u00f6rlerin bir araya gelerek olu\u015fturdu\u011fu etki; d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretler, g\u00f6\u00e7 ve azalan vergi gelirleri gibi etkilerle t\u00fcm toplumlar\u0131 ve ekonomileri tahrip etme potansiyeline sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00f6zellikle geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerde ye\u015fil sekt\u00f6rlerin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini desteklemek i\u00e7in gereken finansman da \u00e7o\u011fu zaman yetersiz kalmaktad\u0131r. RMI\u2019nin raporuna g\u00f6re zengin \u00fclkelerden geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelere y\u00f6nelmesi ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan yat\u0131r\u0131m \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finin \u015fu anda \u201cger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeye yak\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d belirtiliyor. Raporda, varl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00fclkelerin 2025 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar iklim finansman\u0131nda y\u0131lda 100 milyar ABD dolarl\u0131k yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelere y\u00f6nlendirmeye y\u00f6nelik taahh\u00fcd\u00fcn\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131layamad\u0131\u011f\u0131. Bu taahh\u00fctler ilk olarak 2009 Kopenhag iklim zirvesinde belirtilmi\u015fti ve her COP\u2019ta 2017\u2019den 2019\u2019a kadar G20 h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinin fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131 s\u00fcbvanse ederek y\u0131lda 290 milyar ABD dolar\u0131 harcamalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Daha geni\u015f bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na sahip olmak<\/h2>\n

Bu t\u00fcr nedenler, en \u00e7ok \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan yerlerde ye\u015fil d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn faydalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda iyimser iddialar\u0131n duyulmas\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131rabilir. Bir\u00e7ok Afrikal\u0131 siyasi liderin ye\u015fil i\u015flerin say\u0131s\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00fcpheci oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenirken[19]<\/a> Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri Maden \u0130\u015f\u00e7ileri ba\u015fkan\u0131 son 30 y\u0131lda \u201cbu \u00fclkede tek bir \u2018adil ge\u00e7i\u015f\u2019 \u00f6rne\u011fi vermenin imkans\u0131z oldu\u011funu\u201d savundu[20]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

RMI, bu bilgiler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sorunu daha geni\u015f bir ba\u011flamda ele alan daha geni\u015f bir tablo sunmaktad\u0131r. Raporunda, iklim zorluklar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra d\u00fcnyan\u0131n, uluslararas\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7 ve teknolojik inovasyon gibi di\u011fer sosyoekonomik mega trendlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra COVID-19 pandemisi ve Rusya-Ukrayna \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 gibi krizlerden kaynaklanan risklerle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fu<\/a> \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin McKinsey, 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar otomasyon ve uzaktan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gibi dinamiklerin istihdam \u00fczerinde net s\u0131f\u0131r ge\u00e7i\u015finden bile daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir etkiye sahip olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor[21]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Daha geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 bu zorluklar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda RMI, insan ve do\u011fal sermayenin<\/a> yan\u0131 s\u0131ra daha geleneksel finansal ve \u00fcretim kategorilerini de dikkate alan \u201crejeneratif kapitalizm\u201d fikrine artan ilgiyi vurgulamaktad\u0131r. Bu da yeni anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131n ve yeni f\u0131rsatlar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin kendisinin yarataca\u011f\u0131 etki, insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fam ortamlar\u0131n\u0131, ge\u00e7im kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 ve sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 etkileyerek fosil yak\u0131tla ilgili i\u015flerin kayb\u0131ndan daha da k\u00f6t\u00fc bir etkiye sahip olabilir. Bu durumun kabul edilmesi, bozulmaya y\u00fcz tutmu\u015f ortamlar\u0131n onar\u0131lmas\u0131 veya iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine uyum sa\u011flanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olunmas\u0131 gibi, daha diren\u00e7li ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir topluluklar olu\u015fturabilecek ve ayn\u0131 zamanda yeni yerel istihdam alanlar\u0131 olu\u015fturabilecek projelerin geli\u015ftirilmesine yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin yaln\u0131zca ABD\u2019de 5.000\u2019den fazla terk edilmi\u015f k\u00f6m\u00fcr madeni bulunmakta olup, bu madenlerin \u00e7evreye ve sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa verdi\u011fi zarar\u0131n 18 milyar ABD dolar\u0131ndan fazla oldu\u011fu tahmin edilmektedir. Bu t\u00fcr tesislerin iyile\u015ftirilmesi, yerel ortamlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirirken ve yeni projelerin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7arken, as\u0131l \u00fcretim sahalar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in gerekenlere benzer beceriler gerektiren i\u015f olanaklar\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir[22]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya ekonomisinin b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcne y\u00f6nelik bu yeni vizyonu izlesek de izlemesek de ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan ye\u015fil d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn, di\u011fer k\u00fcresel zorluklar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelinmesiyle birlikte yarat\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler ve yeni d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce bi\u00e7imleri gerektirece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ve di\u011fer ani de\u011fi\u015fimlere kar\u015f\u0131 en savunmas\u0131z b\u00f6lgelerden olan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ada \u00fclkelerinden<\/a> baz\u0131lar\u0131, durumun gerektirdi\u011fi iddial\u0131 kararlar\u0131 almaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin Maldivler, son zamanlarda pandeminin etkilerinden ve artan yak\u0131t fiyatlar\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck zarar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00dclkenin dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in do\u011fal ortamlar\u0131n eski haline getirilmesi ve erken uyar\u0131 sistemlerinin geli\u015ftirilmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yenilenebilir enerji kapasitesinin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7ok say\u0131da projeye yat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131l\u0131yor[23]<\/a>. \u00dclkede 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar net s\u0131f\u0131ra ula\u015fma gibi son derece g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir hedef ilan edilmi\u015ftir. Bu geli\u015fmeler, D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 (banka ayr\u0131ca 12,4 milyon ABD dolar\u0131na da katk\u0131da bulunmaktad\u0131r) ile birlikte tasarlanan ve 140 milyon ABD dolar\u0131ndan fazla \u00f6zel finansman sa\u011flayan bir risk azaltma \u00e7er\u00e7evesiyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Photo by Nattu Adnan<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Bu tam da yerel giri\u015fim, \u00f6zel yat\u0131r\u0131m ve ileri g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc politikay\u0131 bir araya getiren bir ortakl\u0131k t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu ortakl\u0131k, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ye\u015fil d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm f\u0131rsatlar\u0131ndan tam olarak yararlanabilmesi i\u00e7in k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan uygulanabilir bir model sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a>https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2023\/oct\/02\/slow-route-to-net-zero-will-worsen-global-climate-crisis-ipcc-chief-warns<\/a><\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/capabilities\/sustainability\/our-insights\/the-net-zero-transition-what-it-would-cost-what-it-could-bring<\/a><\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> https:\/\/unfccc.int\/news\/as-cop28-enters-its-final-stretch-simon-stiell-calls-for-a-highest-ambition-outcome<\/a><\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/weso-greening\/documents\/WESO_Greening_EN_web2.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

[5]<\/a>https:\/\/iea.blob.core.windows.net\/assets\/a0432c97-14af-4fc7-b3bf-c409fb7e4ab8\/WorldEnergyEmployment.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

[6]<\/a>https:\/\/iea.blob.core.windows.net\/assets\/26ca51d0-4a42-4649-a7c0-552d75ddf9b2\/WorldEnergyOutlook2023.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

[7]<\/a>https:\/\/economicgraph.linkedin.com\/content\/dam\/me\/economicgraph\/en-u s\/global-green-skills-report\/green-skills-report-2023.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

[8]<\/a>https:\/\/www.unido.org\/stories\/what-are-green-skills<\/a><\/p>\n

[9]<\/a>https:\/\/iea.blob.core.windows.net\/assets\/a0432c97-14af-4fc7-b3bf-c409fb7e4ab8\/WorldEnergyEmployment.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> https:\/\/bankimooncentre.org\/news\/your-future-in-green-jobs-press-releae\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[11]<\/a> https:\/\/www.ey.com\/en_gl\/news\/2023\/10\/ey-and-microsoft-expand-social-impact-collaboration-and-advance-sustainability-education-worldwide-with-green-skills-passport<\/a><\/p>\n

[12]<\/a> https:\/\/www.slideshare.net\/MarioVerissimo\/green-skills-and-innovation-for- -growth<\/a><\/p>\n

[13]<\/a> https:\/\/esco.ec.europa.eu\/en\/news\/green-skills-and-knowledge-concepts-labelling-esco-classification<\/a><\/p>\n

[14]<\/a> https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/capabilities\/sustainability\/our-insights\/the-net-zero-transition-what-it-would-cost-what-it-could-bring<\/a><\/p>\n

[15]<\/a> https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/global\/topics\/green-jobs\/news\/WCMS_886213\/lang–en\/index.htm<\/a><\/p>\n

[16]<\/a> https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/strategy-and-policy\/priorities-2019-2024\/european-green-deal\/finance-and-green-deal\/just-transition-mechanism\/just-transition-funding-sources_en<\/a><\/p>\n

[17]<\/a> https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/en\/ip_22_7868<\/a><\/p>\n

[18]<\/a> https:\/\/rmi.org\/insight\/realizing-the-green-jobs-promise<\/a><\/p>\n

[19]<\/a> https:\/\/www.chathamhouse.org\/2022\/08\/financing-african-just-transition<\/a><\/p>\n

[20]<\/a> https:\/\/www.weku.org\/ohio-valley-resource\/2021-04-21\/mine-workers-leader-wants-to-save-last-coal-jobs-as-biden-tackles-climate<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

[21]<\/a> https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/capabilities\/sustainability\/our-insights\/the-net-zero-transition-what-it-would-cost-what-it-could-bring<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

[22]<\/a> https:\/\/rmi.org\/insight\/realizing-the-green-jobs-promise<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

[23]<\/a>https:\/\/blogs.worldbank.org\/endpovertyinsouthasia\/small-island-developing-states-path-renewable-energy-and-resilience-story<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":116476,"template":"","tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nYe\u015fil B\u00fcy\u00fcme i\u00e7in \u00c7evre Odakl\u0131 \u0130\u015fler | Abdul Latif Jameel\u00ae<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ye\u015fil ekonomiye ge\u00e7i\u015fteki ekonomik potansiyeli ve maksimum etki i\u00e7in h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin, yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n ve i\u015fverenlerin temel rol\u00fcn\u00fc ke\u015ffedin. 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